Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ökologie
seewasser; brackwasser. Tropical; 19°N - 9°N, 90°W - 78°W (Ref. 189)
Western Central Atlantic: Belize south to Panama and northeastern Colombia.
Size / Gewicht / Alter
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 15.9 cm TL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 124486); common length : 9.0 cm TL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 5217)
Rückenflossenstacheln (insgesamt) : 0; Afterflossenstacheln: 0; Afterflossenweichstrahlen: 18 - 22. Snout moderate, about 2/3 eye diameter; maxilla relatively long, tip bluntly rounded, reaching to and a little beyond front margin of pre-operculum; gill cover canals of panamensis type. Anal fin fairly long, its origin below about middle of dorsal fin base. A silver stripe along flank, less than eye diameter (Ref. 189). Upper surface of head and back with dusky punctuations: dark spots at base of anal, median dark line posterior to anal (Ref. 37032).
Found along beaches and in estuaries, lagoons or other brackish habitats, apparently able to tolerate a wide range of salinities, but perhaps not entering freshwater.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | Fortpflanzung | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larven
Spawn in school (Ref. 205).
Whitehead, P.J.P., G.J. Nelson and T. Wongratana, 1988. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (Suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/2):305-579. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 189)
IUCN Rote Liste Status (Ref. 130435)
Bedrohung für Menschen
Harmless
Nutzung durch Menschen
Fischereien: kleinfischerei
Tools
Zusatzinformationen
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Internet Quellen
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00537 (0.00253 - 0.01141), b=3.13 (2.96 - 3.30), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.3 ±0.4 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Widerstandsfähigkeit (Ref.
120179): hoch, Verdopplung der Population dauert weniger als 15 Monate. (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).