Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
বাস্তুসংস্থান
সামুদ্রিক; ঈষৎ লোনা . Tropical; 19°N - 9°N, 90°W - 78°W (Ref. 189)
Western Central Atlantic: Belize south to Panama and northeastern Colombia.
আকৃতি / ওজন / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 15.9 cm TL পুরুষ/ লিঙ্গ অনিধর্ারিত ; (Ref. 124486); common length : 9.0 cm TL পুরুষ/ লিঙ্গ অনিধর্ারিত ; (Ref. 5217)
পৃষ্ঠীয় কাঁটা (মোট ) : 0; পায়ূ কাঁটা : 0; পায়ূর নরম পাখনা্তুন্ড: 18 - 22. Snout moderate, about 2/3 eye diameter; maxilla relatively long, tip bluntly rounded, reaching to and a little beyond front margin of pre-operculum; gill cover canals of panamensis type. Anal fin fairly long, its origin below about middle of dorsal fin base. A silver stripe along flank, less than eye diameter (Ref. 189). Upper surface of head and back with dusky punctuations: dark spots at base of anal, median dark line posterior to anal (Ref. 37032).
Found along beaches and in estuaries, lagoons or other brackish habitats, apparently able to tolerate a wide range of salinities, but perhaps not entering freshwater.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | প্রজনন | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | শুককীট
Spawn in school (Ref. 205).
Whitehead, P.J.P., G.J. Nelson and T. Wongratana, 1988. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (Suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/2):305-579. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 189)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
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Special reports
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ইন্টারনেট সুত্র
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00537 (0.00253 - 0.01141), b=3.13 (2.96 - 3.30), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
ট্রফিক পর্যায়ে (Ref.
69278): 3.3 ±0.4 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
স্থিতিস্থাপক (Ref.
120179): উচ্চ, সর্বনিম্ন প্রজন দ্বিগুনের সময় ১৫ মাস (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
