分類 / Names
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Teleostei >
Clupeiformes (Herrings) >
Dorosomatidae (Gizzard shads and sardinellas)
Etymology: Konosirus: Japanese, konoshiro, a fish eaten in Kumihama City, in the Sea of Japan.
More on authors: Temminck & Schlegel.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋; 半鹹淡水; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243). 亞熱帶的; 42°N - 23°N, 117°E - 138°E (Ref. 54453)
Indo-West Pacific: coasts of Japan from about 38°N southward; Sea of Japan north to Vladivostok on mainland; also Yellow Sea, including Gulf of Pohai and East China Sea south to Taiwan Island and Hong Kong).
印度-西太平洋: 日本海岸從大約 38 ° N 南方; 日本海在大陸上北至海參崴; 也黃海, 包括渤海灣與東中國海南至台灣島與香港).
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ?, range 15 - ? cm
Max length : 32.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 593)
背棘 (總數) : 0; 臀棘: 0; 臀鰭軟條: 192 - 27. Body moderately slender, moderately compressed, belly with 17 to 21 (usually 19 or 20) + 12 to 16 (usually 14 or 15), total 32 to 37 (usually 34 or 35) scutes; no pre-dorsal scutes. Snout projecting slightly; gill rakers of first arch at least 3/4 length of gill filaments. Vertebrae 46 to 51 (usually 49, also 48 or 51). A dark spot behind gill opening, followed by several lines of dark dots.
身體一般細長﹐中等側扁, 腹面有 17 到 21(通常 19 或 20)+12 到 16(通常 14 或 15), 總數 32 到 37(通常 34 或 35)個鱗甲; 沒有前背部的鱗甲。 吻突出的些微地; 第一鰓弓至少的鰓耙鰓絲的 3/4 長度。 脊椎骨 46 到 51.(通常 49, 也 48 或 51) 一個深色斑點在後鰓裂,跟隨著幾條黑的點組成的線了。
Found off coasts and in bays, but migrating into shallower brackish water for breeding, at least in Ariake Sound (south Kyushu), where spawning takes place far up the Sound in April and May. Individuals apparently spawn twice or more during the season.
發現外海的海岸與在海灣中, 但是迴游進入較水淺的半淡鹹水內繁殖, 至少在有明海 (九州南方部), 在哪裡產卵發生在四月與五月向上遠達聲音。 個體在季節期間顯然地產卵兩次或更多次。
印度-西太平洋: 日本海岸從大約 38 ° N 南方; 日本海在大陸上北至海參崴; 也黃海, 包括渤海灣與東中國海南至台灣島與香港).
Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 28 February 2017
人類使用
漁業: 低經濟
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 16.1 - 23.8, mean 20.3 °C (based on 86 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00912 (0.00601 - 0.01383), b=3.04 (2.92 - 3.16), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 2.9 ±0.24 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增時間少於 15個月 (Assuming tm=1).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (36 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): High to very high vulnerability (65 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 99.3 [58.4, 169.9] mg/100g; Iron = 1.61 [0.98, 2.68] mg/100g; Protein = 19.4 [18.3, 20.4] %; Omega3 = 0.587 [0.361, 0.921] g/100g; Selenium = 18.9 [10.5, 35.0] μg/100g; VitaminA = 21.3 [8.9, 51.4] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.13 [0.80, 1.60] mg/100g (wet weight);
