Brevoortia patronus, Gulf menhaden : fisheries

Brevoortia patronus Goode, 1878

Gulf menhaden
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Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed.
Brevoortia patronus   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Brevoortia patronus (Gulf menhaden)
Brevoortia patronus
Afbeelding van McDonald, D.L.

Classificatie / Namen Lokale namen | Synoniemen | Catalog of Fishes(Genus, Soort(en)) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Clupeiformes (Herrings) > Alosidae (Shads and Sardines)
Etymology: Brevoortia: From James Carson Brevoort (1818-1887), studie the fauna from Ohio and South Caroline (Ref. 45335).
Eponymy: James Carson Brevoort (1818–1887) was an American collector of coins and rare books. [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on author: Goode.

Milieu: milieu / Klimaatzone / Diepte / verspreidingsgebied Ecologie

marien pelagic-neritic; diepte 0 - 50 m (Ref. 188). Subtropical; 31°N - 19°N, 95°W - 80°W (Ref. 54290)

Verspreiding Gebieden | FAO regio's | Ecosystemen | Voorkomen | Verspreidingskaart | Introducties | Faunafri

Western Central Atlantic: Gulf of Mexico (Florida Bay, Gulf of Campeche, Mexico), but no certain records from Caribbean.

Lengte bij maturiteit / Grootte / Gewicht / Leeftijd

Maturiteit: Lm 18.5, range 15 - 22.5 cm
Max length : 35.0 cm SL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 7251); common length : 20.0 cm SL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 188)

Korte beschrijving Determinatiesleutels | Morfologie | Morfometrie

Dorsale stekels (totaal) : 0; Anale stekels: 0. Scutes along belly; upper jaw with median notch. Pelvic fin with rounded hind margin, inner fin rays equal or nearly equal to outer fin rays when fin folded back. Pre-dorsal scales modified; scales in lateral series large, those on back and above anal fin base a little smaller and more irregular than rest. A black spot behind gill opening, followed by a series of spots along flank (Ref. 188). Back bluish gray, Sides brassy green (Ref. 37032).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: compressed.

Biologie     Verklarende woordenlijst (bv. epibenthic)

Occur inshore in summer, but at least some moving into deeper waters from October (Mississippi Delta area). Feed in dense schools, filtering phytoplankton, but probably also feed at the bottom. Apparently breed in winter (October to February, with a peak in January). Salinity tolerance range from 0.1-60 ppt, but the commercial catch is mostly from 5.0-24 ppt. Marketed fresh, salted or canned. Mainly used as source of fish oil; also as fish meal (Ref. 188). Isopod is found in the mouth (Ref. 37032).

Levenscyclus en paargedrag Maturiteit | Voortplanting | Paaien | Eieren | Fecunditeit | Larven

Make inshore-offshore movements (Ref. 34923). Larvae stay in offshore waters for 3-5 weeks before moving into estuaries where they grow into adults (Ref. 34923).

Hoofdreferentie Upload uw referenties | Referenties | Coördinator | Medewerkers

Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188)

Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))

  Niet bedreigd (LC) ; Date assessed: 11 August 2011

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Gevaar voor de mens

  Harmless





Gebruik door de mens

Visserij: van groot commercieel belang
FAO - visserij: aanvoer, soortsprofiel; Publication: search | FishSource | Sea Around Us

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AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | Websites from users | Bekijk FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: Genus, Soort(en) | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - visserij: aanvoer, soortsprofiel; Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GloBI | GoMexSI (interaction data) | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | OceanAdapt | OneZoom | Open Tree of Life | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | TreeBase | Tree of Life | Wikipedia: ga naar, zoek | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoobank | Zoological Record

Schattingen op basis van modellen

Gewenste temperatuur (Ref. 123201): 23.2 - 26.8, mean 24.3 °C (based on 178 cells).
Fylogenetische diversiteitsindex (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5156   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00871 (0.00540 - 0.01405), b=3.14 (3.00 - 3.28), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245).
Trofisch niveau (Ref. 69278):  2.2   ±0.07 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 2.6 (2.2 - 3.0) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 33 growth studies.
Weerstandsvermogen (Ref. 120179):  Gemiddeld, minimale populatieverdubbelingstijd 1,4-4,4 jaar (K=0.15-0.47).
Prior r = 0.62, 95% CL = 0.41 - 0.92, Based on 1 full stock assessment.
Kwetsbaarheid van de visserij (Ref. 59153):  Low to moderate vulnerability (31 of 100). 🛈
Kwetsbaarheid voor het klimaat (Ref. 125649):  High to very high vulnerability (74 of 100). 🛈
Prijsklasse (Ref. 80766):   Low.
Voedingsstoffen (Ref. 124155):  Calcium = 109 [57, 187] mg/100g; Iron = 1.58 [0.86, 2.78] mg/100g; Protein = 19.1 [17.9, 20.3] %; Omega3 = 0.485 [0.287, 0.818] g/100g; Selenium = 20.8 [11.2, 43.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 11.3 [3.3, 33.9] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.17 [0.80, 1.68] mg/100g (wet weight);