分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Pleuronectiformes (Flatfishes)
鰈形目 (Flatfishes) >
Paralichthyidae (Large-tooth flounders)
牙鮃科 (Large-tooth flounders)
Etymology: Pseudorhombus: Greek, pseudes = false + Greek, rhombos = paralelogram (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Waite.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 居於水底的; 深度上下限 10 - 20 m (Ref. 9774). 溫帶
Southwest Pacific: southeastern Australia northward to southern Queensland.
西南太平洋: 澳洲東南部向北至昆士蘭南部。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 25.0 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 9774)
簡短描述
檢索表 | 型態特徵 | 形態測量圖
背棘 (總數) : 0; 背的軟條 (總數) : 74 - 80; 臀棘: 0; 臀鰭軟條: 58 - 61. Body brownish with 3 ocelli above and below lateral line, and small dark rings and blotches scattered on body and median fins. Body elliptical, its depth 2.1 to 2.3 times in SL. Head length 4.1 to 4.4 times in SL. Upper profile of head with shallow notch in front of upper eye. Snout slightly protruded, shorter than eye diameter, upper-eye diameter 3.8 to 5.2 times in head length. Maxilla extending almost below middle of lower eye. Upper-jaw length 3.9 to 4.6 times in head length. Teeth in both jaws small, close-set, no enlarged canines. Gill rakers slender and rather long. Scales usually cycloid on both sides, but sometimes weakly ctenoid on anterior part of body on eyed side. Pectoral fin on eyed side with 11 or 12 rays. (Ref 9774).
身體褐色的有三個假眼斑在側線上面與下面, 與小的深色環與斑塊散佈在身體與中央的鰭上。 身體橢圓形, 它的深度 2.1 到 2.3 標準體長比率。 頭長 4.1 到 4.4 標準體長比率。 上面輪廓在眼睛上方之前頭部有淺的凹槽。 吻些微地伸出, 短於眼直徑, 眼睛上方直徑 3.8 到 5.2 倍頭長。 顎骨幾乎在眼睛下部的中央之下延伸。 上頜長度 3.9 到 4.6 倍頭長。 齒雙顎內小的, 靠攏在一起, 沒有增大的犬齒。 鰓耙細長而相當長的。 鱗片通常圓形的在兩邊上, 但是有時些微櫛狀的在有眼睛的一邊上的身體前部上。 胸鰭有眼睛的一面具有 11 或 12個鰭條之上。 (參考文獻 9774).
Inhabits sand and mud bottoms. Feeds on small benthic animals. Caught mainly with prawn and bottom trawls.
棲息於沙與泥底部。 吃小型底棲的動物。 主要地以蝦與底拖網捕捉。
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Distinct pairing (Ref. 205).西南太平洋: 澳洲東南部向北至昆士蘭南部。
Amaoka, K. and D.A. Hensley, 2001. Paralichthyidae. Sand flounders. p. 3842-3862. In K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Vol. 6. Bony fishes part 4 (Labridae to Latimeriidae), estuarine crocodiles. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9774)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 13 November 2019
人類使用
漁業: 商業性
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 20.4 - 25.7, mean 24.7 °C (based on 148 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00724 (0.00338 - 0.01553), b=3.17 (3.00 - 3.34), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.37 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增時間少於 15個月 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (21 of 100).
