Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
البيئة
بحري; المياه العذبة; مياه مخلوطة القاع; أسماك نازلة (Ref. 46888). Temperate; 15°S - 40°S, 110°E - 155°E
Indo-West Pacific: southern Australia, from Geraldton, Western Australia to Cooktown, Queensland.
الحجم / وزن / العمر
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 45.0 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 9812); common length : 18.5 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 9812)
Form schools in shallows, bogs and lower estuaries, and more saline lagoons. Often seen jumping at the surface (Ref. 9812). Fish younger than one year can be found in freshwaters, but not when older (Ref. 9812). Oviparous, eggs are pelagic and non-adhesive (Ref. 205). Spawn in the sea. Feed on minute benthic organisms, including small crustaceans and filamentous algae. Marketed fresh and filleted (Ref. 9812).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | التكاثر | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvae
Bathia, U. and T. Wongratana, 1974. Mugilidae. In W. Fischer and P.J.P. Whitehead (eds.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Eastern Indian Ocean (fishing area 57) and Western Central Pacific (Fishing Area 71). Volume 3. [var. pag.]. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 2109)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
استخدامات بشرية
مصائد: تجاري
أدوات
تقارير خاصة
Download XML
مصادر علي الأنترنت
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 15.2 - 25.2, mean 18.5 °C (based on 152 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01175 (0.00558 - 0.02474), b=2.96 (2.79 - 3.13), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
مستوى غذائي (Ref.
69278): 2.9 ±0.33 se; based on food items.
المرونه (Ref.
120179): عالي, الحد الزمني الأدني لتضاعف عدد أفراد المجتمع أقل من 15 شهر (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (27 of 100).
