Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecologie
marien demersaal; diepte 60 - 260 m (Ref. 4417). Tropical
Western Indian Ocean: known only from Natal, South Africa and southwest India, but probably more widely distributed.
Grootte / Gewicht / Leeftijd
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 26.5 cm TL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 55634); max. gepubliceerd gewicht: 175.00 g (Ref. 55634)
Korte beschrijving
Determinatiesleutels | Morfologie | Morfometrie
Dorsale stekels (totaal) : 0; Dorsale zachte stralen (totaal) : 68 - 72; Anale stekels: 0; Anale zachte stralen: 52 - 55. Eyed side with about 5 longitudinal rows of dark rings; median fins with a row of small dark spots; dark spot near margin of pelvic fin (eyed side).
Inhabits sandy and muddy bottoms.
Levenscyclus en paargedrag
Maturiteit | Voortplanting | Paaien | Eieren | Fecunditeit | Larven
Distinct pairing (Ref. 205).
Nielsen, J.G., 1984. Bothidae. In W. Fischer and G. Bianchi (eds.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Indian Ocean fishing area 51. Vol. 1. FAO, Rome. pag. var. (Ref. 3322)
Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
Gevaar voor de mens
Harmless
Gebruik door de mens
Visserij: commercieel
Tools
Speciale rapporten
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Internetbronnen
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 18.1 - 24.6, mean 21.1 °C (based on 28 cells).
Fylogenetische diversiteitsindex (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00631 (0.00393 - 0.01013), b=3.04 (2.91 - 3.17), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trofisch niveau (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.4 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Weerstandsvermogen (Ref.
120179): Hoog, minimale populatieverdubbelingstijd minder dan 15 maanden (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (17 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 171 [77, 352] mg/100g; Iron = 1.08 [0.49, 2.02] mg/100g; Protein = 16.9 [14.8, 19.0] %; Omega3 = 0.171 [0.082, 0.355] g/100g; Selenium = 70 [32, 161] μg/100g; VitaminA = 15.5 [4.1, 59.4] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.88 [0.57, 1.33] mg/100g (wet weight);
