Umwelt: Milieu / Klimazone / Tiefenbereich / Verbreitungsgebiet
Ökologie
seewasser demersal; tiefenbereich 10 - 60 m (Ref. 91172). Tropical; 32°N -
Eastern Pacific: Gulf of California to Peru.
Größe / Gewicht / Alter
Geschlechtsreife: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 34.0 cm TL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 55763); common length : 25.0 cm TL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 9114)
Body elongate, compressed, and not very deep (depth contained 3.1 times in standard length); mouth small and terminal with fleshy lips; preopercle serrate and possessing a large, stout spine at the angle; dorsal fin deeply notched, with 12 spines and 12 to 13 soft rays (XII, 12-13); second anal spine longer and stronger than bird; back charcoal gray with blue highlights; belly pale; flanks with 7 or 8 narrow, indistinct, dark bars; fins dark greenish yellow (Ref. 55763).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal.
Adults are found in benthic over soft bottoms of coastal waters. Also caught with trammel nets. Marketed fresh (Ref. 9114).
Lebenszyklus und Paarungsverhalten
Geschlechtsreife | Fortpflanzung | Ablaichen | Eier | Fruchtbarkeit | Larven
Distinct pairing during breeding (Ref. 205).
McKay, R.J. and M. Schneider, 1995. Haemulidae. Burros, corocoros, chulas, gallinazos, roncos. p. 1136-1173. In W. Fischer, F. Krupp, W. Schneider, C. Sommer, K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) Guia FAO para Identification de Especies para lo Fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. 3 Vols. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9114)
IUCN Rote Liste Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Bedrohung für Menschen
Harmless
Nutzung durch Menschen
Fischereien: kommerziell
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Internet Quellen
Schätzungen auf der Grundlage von Modellen
Bevorzugte Temperatur (Ref.
123201): 20.1 - 28.9, mean 25.9 °C (based on 68 cells).
Phylogenetischer Diversitätsindex (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.6250 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01349 (0.00844 - 0.02157), b=2.89 (2.76 - 3.02), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Trophische Ebene (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Widerstandsfähigkeit (Ref.
120179): mittel, Verdopplung der Population dauert 1,4 - 4,4 Jahre. (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Anfälligkeit der Fischerei (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (24 of 100).
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