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> Pleuronectiformes (Flatfishes) > Cynoglossidae (Tonguefishes) > Symphurinae
Etymology: Symphurus: Greek, syn, symphysis = grown together + Greek, oura = tail (Ref. 45335); melasmatotheca: From the Greek word melasma, a black spot, and theke meaning a case or covering, referring to the black peritoneum; the epithet treated as a noun in apposition (Ref. 10739).

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ekologi

marina bottenlevande; djupintervall 15 - 111 m (Ref. 9294), usually 15 - 60 m (Ref. 9294). Tropical; 24°N - 6°N

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Eastern Pacific: Mexico to Panama. Recorded from Peru (Ref. 10739).

Size / Vikt / Age

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 13.6 cm SL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 9294); common length : 11.0 cm SL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 9294)

Short description Bestämningsnycklar | Morfologi | Morfometri

Taggstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 0; Mjukstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 90 - 98; Taggstrålar i analfenan: 0; Mjukstrålar i analfenan: 74 - 80; Ryggkotor: 49 - 52.

Probably taken as bycatch of trawl fisheries (Ref. 9294).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Reproduktion | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larver

Main reference Upload your references | referenser | Koordinator | Medarbetare

Munroe, T.A., F. Krupp and M. Schneider, 1995. Cynoglossidae. Lenguas, lenguetas. p. 1039-1059. In W. Fischer, F. Krupp, W. Schneider, C. Sommer, K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) Guia FAO para Identification de Especies para lo Fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. 3 Vols. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9294)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 03 November 2020

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Harmless

Human uses

FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

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Trophic ecology
Födoslag
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Ecology
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Ciguatera cases
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References
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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 19.8 - 28.9, mean 27.5 °C (based on 66 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01445 (0.00647 - 0.03228), b=3.05 (2.85 - 3.25), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).

Trofisk nivå (Ref. 69278): 3.3 ±0.4 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives

Resiliens (Ref. 120179): Hög, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid mindre än 15 månader (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).

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Symphurus melasmatotheca Munroe & Nizinski, 1990