Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecologia
marinhas associadas(os) a recifes; intervalo de profundidade 3 - 36 m (Ref. 5227). Tropical; 28°N - 5°S, 120°W - 70°W
Eastern Pacific: Cedros Island, Baja California, Mexico to Salinas, Ecuador, including the Galapagos Islands.
Tamanho / Peso / Idade
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 40.0 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 9276); common length : 30.0 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 9276)
Common around rocky reefs and along continental coasts (Ref. 9276). Feeds on sea urchins, small crustaceans and mollusks, often blowing into sand to uncover prey or turn over urchins (Ref. 5227).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | Reprodução | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvas
Females are territorial, solely tending and guarding the eggs (Ref. 116451). Males exhibit polygyny (Ref. 116451).
Bussing, W.A., 1995. Balistidae. Pejepuercos, calafates, gatillos. p. 905-909. In W. Fischer, F. Krupp, W. Schneider, C. Sommer, K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) Guia FAO para Identification de Especies para lo Fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. 3 Vols. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9276)
Categoria na Lista Vermelha da IUCN (Ref. 130435)
Ameaça para o homem
Harmless
Utilização humana
Ferramentas
Relatórios especiais
Descarregue XML
Fontes da internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 19.2 - 23.1, mean 22.3 °C (based on 8 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5312 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.02570 (0.01232 - 0.05364), b=2.94 (2.77 - 3.11), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Nível Trófico (Ref.
69278): 3.3 ±0.35 se; based on food items.
Resiliência (Ref.
120179): Médio, tempo mínimo de duplicação da população 1,4 - 4,4 anos (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (30 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 38.8 [16.1, 92.6] mg/100g; Iron = 0.572 [0.297, 1.272] mg/100g; Protein = 18.4 [16.3, 20.6] %; Omega3 = 0.107 [0.054, 0.207] g/100g; Selenium = 34.1 [18.1, 70.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 50 [14, 174] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.02 [0.70, 1.52] mg/100g (wet weight);