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> Pleuronectiformes (Flatfishes) > Soleidae (Soles)
Etymology: Pegusa: The old name of the Cnidus, the city in Asia minos where the Atheniasn defeated Spartans in a naval battle near 394 BC.
More on author: Risso.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range पारिस्थितिकी

समुद्री; खारा ड़िमरसल; गहराई सीमा 5 - 350 m (Ref. 4710), usually 20 - 50 m (Ref. 26999). Subtropical; 57°N - 17°S, 18°W - 42°E

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Eastern Atlantic: northeastern to southeastern Atlantic; perhaps Gulf of Guinea; the Mediterranean Sea and Black Sea; reported from Suez Canal (Ref. 32649); and Sea of Azov (Ref. 4710).

Length at first maturity / आकार / वज़न / Age

Maturity: L_m ?, range 22 - ? cm
Max length : 40.0 cm SL पुल्लिंग / अलिंग; (Ref. 4710); common length : 30.0 cm TL पुल्लिंग / अलिंग; (Ref. 2714); अधिकतम सूचित उम्र: 15 वर्षो (Ref. 32766)

Short description पहचान कुंजी | आकृति विज्ञान | मौरफोमैटरिक्स

पृष्ठीय रीढ़ (सम्पूर्ण) : 0; पृष्ठीय सौफट रेज़ (सम्पूर्ण) : 69 - 87; गुदा कांटा: 0; ऐनल सौफट रेज़: 53 - 73; जानवरों की रीड़ का जोड़: 40 - 48. Last ray of dorsal and anal fins joined by a low membrane to the base of the caudal fin. Supratemporal branch of lateral line forming an arch. Anterior nostril on the blind side prominent forming a large round rosette, its diameter equal to that of the eye. Lower lip on ocular side undulated with about 6 lobes. Length of both nasal tubes and scales above it on the ocular side about equal. Pectoral fin on the ocular side with a black botch with a white margin except at its base; this blotch often interrupted by light space or accompanied by dots or streaks on one side or the other (present in fresh specimens from coast of Israel (Ref. 32649). Brownish yellow or reddish brown in color with obscure pale blotches and specks (Ref. 3200).

Found on gravel, sand or mud. Feeds on a wide range of small marine bivalves; mainly on crustaceans such as amphipods, mysids, shrimps, decapods, bivalves and polychaetes (Ref. 4710).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | पुनरुत्पत्ति | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | लार्वा

Main reference Upload your references | संदर्भ | संयोजक | सहयोगीयो

Ben-Tuvia, A., 1990. A taxonomic reappraisal of the Atlanto-Mediterranean soles Solea solea, S. senegalensis and S. lascaris. J. Fish Biol. 36(6):947-960. (Ref. 32649)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 20 May 2013

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Harmless

Human uses

मात्स्यिकी: लघु वाणिज्य

FAO - मात्स्यिकी: landings; Publication: search | FishSource | Sea Around Us

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इंटरनेट स्रोत

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 10.6 - 27.6, mean 18.1 °C (based on 512 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5312 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00891 (0.00758 - 0.01048), b=3.06 (3.01 - 3.11), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).

Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 3.3 ±0.1 se; based on diet studies.

लौटाव (Ref. 120179): माध्यम, न्यूनतम जनसंख्या दुगनी होने का समय 1.4 - 4.4 वर्ष। (K=0.41; tm=4; tmax=15).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (29 of 100).

Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649): Low vulnerability (18 of 100).

Price category (Ref. 80766): Very high.

Nutrients (Ref. 124155): Calcium = 133 [47, 301] mg/100g; Iron = 1.03 [0.42, 2.11] mg/100g; Protein = 18.5 [16.7, 20.5] %; Omega3 = 0.175 [0.082, 0.365] g/100g; Selenium = 38.4 [18.7, 82.5] μg/100g; VitaminA = 9.21 [3.14, 27.04] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.885 [0.576, 1.305] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies.

Pegusa lascaris (Risso, 1810)