Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
marina batypelagisk; djupintervall 0 - 1400 m (Ref. 5123). Deep-water; 66°N - 35°N
North Atlantic: off southern Iceland eastward and southward to about 35°N. One record is from western Greenland and two are from North America to 40°N. Western Indian Ocean: South Africa, near Zanzibar, and Maldives (Ref. 26165).
Size / Vikt / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 24.5 cm SL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 4773)
Mjukstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 9 - 10; Mjukstrålar i analfenan: 8 - 10; Ryggkotor: 42 - 45. Adults silvery. Ventral fins inserted ahead of dorsal fin. Dorsal fin inserted in front of the midpoint of the body. Stomachs and peritoneum coated with dark pigment (Ref. 37473). Branchiostegal rays 3. Pyloric caeca 7-8.
Spawns mainly in spring and early summer.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | Reproduktion | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larver
Cohen, D.M., 1984. Argentinidae (including Microstomatidae). p. 386-391. In P.J.P. Whitehead, M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen and E. Tortonese (eds.) Fishes of the north-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean, Volume 1. Unesco, Paris. (Ref. 4773)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Verktyg
Special reports
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 2.1 - 10.7, mean 7.3 °C (based on 278 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00389 (0.00180 - 0.00842), b=3.12 (2.94 - 3.30), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trofisk nivå (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.4 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (20 of 100).
