Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
laut batipelagis; kisaran kedalaman 0 - 1400 m (Ref. 5123). Deep-water; 66°N - 35°N
North Atlantic: off southern Iceland eastward and southward to about 35°N. One record is from western Greenland and two are from North America to 40°N. Western Indian Ocean: South Africa, near Zanzibar, and Maldives (Ref. 26165).
Size / Weight / umur
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 24.5 cm SL jantan/; (Ref. 4773)
duri punggung lunak (Keseluruhan (total)) : 9 - 10; Sirip dubur lunak: 8 - 10; vertebrata, bertulang belakang: 42 - 45. Adults silvery. Ventral fins inserted ahead of dorsal fin. Dorsal fin inserted in front of the midpoint of the body. Stomachs and peritoneum coated with dark pigment (Ref. 37473). Branchiostegal rays 3. Pyloric caeca 7-8.
Spawns mainly in spring and early summer.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | Reproduksi, perkembang biakan | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larva
Cohen, D.M., 1984. Argentinidae (including Microstomatidae). p. 386-391. In P.J.P. Whitehead, M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen and E. Tortonese (eds.) Fishes of the north-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean, Volume 1. Unesco, Paris. (Ref. 4773)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435)
ancaman kepada manusia
Harmless
penggunaan manusia
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 2.1 - 10.7, mean 7.3 °C (based on 278 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00389 (0.00180 - 0.00842), b=3.12 (2.94 - 3.30), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.4 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (20 of 100).
