分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 礁区鱼类; 深度上下限 3 - 150 m (Ref. 9824). 热带; 32°N - 32°S, 26°E - 138°W
Indo-Pacific: throughout the Indian Ocean, including the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf to Hawaiian, Marquesas, and Society islands, north to southern Japan, south to Lord Howe Island. Record from the eastern Mediterranean incorrect (Ref. 9824).
印度-太平洋: 在印度洋, 包括红海与波斯湾到夏威夷语，马贵斯群岛与社会群岛, 各处北至日本南部, 南至罗得豪岛。 记录从地中海东部不正确的.(参考文献 9824)
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 39.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 9710); common length : 20.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 3322)
背棘 (总数) : 0; 背的软条 (总数) : 84 - 97; 臀棘: 0; 臀鳍软条: 61 - 73. Eyed side with dark spots, blotches and rings on body and median fins; 1 distinct dark blotch on middle of straight section of lateral line; narrow dark crossbars on eyed side of pectorals (Ref. 4417). Pectoral rays 9-12 (eyed side) and 9-11 (blind side).
在身体与中央的鳍上有眼睛的一边具有深色斑点，斑块与环; 在侧线的直部分的中央上的 1个明显的黑色斑块; 在胸鳍的有眼睛的一边上的狭窄的黑交叉的条纹.(参考文献 4417) 胸鳍鳍条 9-12(有眼睛的一边) 与 9-11(没有眼睛的一边).
Inhabits sandy or silty sand, and muddy bottoms of inner reef flats and seaward reefs; juveniles frequently found in tide pools (Ref. 9824, 48637). Benthic (Ref. 58302). Feeds on benthic animals (Ref. 5213). Utilized as a food fish (Ref. 4537) and processed into fish meal (Ref. 9824).
栖息于沙的或泥沙 , 与礁石平台内侧与临海礁石的泥底部; 稚鱼时常发现于潮池了。 (参考文献 9824,48637) 吃底栖的动物。 (参考文献 5213) 作为食用鱼 (参考文献 4537) 而且加工成鱼粉.(参考文献 9824)
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔鱼
印度-太平洋: 在印度洋, 包括红海与波斯湾到夏威夷语，马贵斯群岛与社会群岛, 各处北至日本南部, 南至罗得豪岛。 记录从地中海东部不正确的.(参考文献 9824)
Hensley, D.A., 1986. Bothidae. p. 854-863. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 4417)
人类利用
渔业: 商业性
工具
特别资料
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网络资源
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 18.6 - 28.3, mean 25.1 °C (based on 608 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00832 (0.00430 - 0.01608), b=3.13 (2.97 - 3.29), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.37 se; based on food items.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增时间4.5 - 14 年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Prior r = 0.25, 95% CL = 0.17 - 0.38, Based on 1 data-limited stock assessment.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (29 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Moderate vulnerability (44 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 40 [16, 81] mg/100g; Iron = 0.462 [0.219, 0.857] mg/100g; Protein = 18.1 [16.6, 19.6] %; Omega3 = 0.0809 [, ] g/100g; Selenium = 41.3 [21.5, 84.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 63.4 [16.2, 259.7] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.993 [0.659, 1.434] mg/100g (wet weight);
