Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Οικολογία
Θαλασσινό(ά) Υφαλόφιλο(α); μη μεταναστευτικό(ά) (Ref. 51243); εύρος βάθους 5 - 110 m (Ref. 128797). Tropical; 32°N - 24°S, 30°E - 137°W
Indo-Pacific: Red Sea, East Africa eastward through northern Australia to Line, Marquesas and Society Islands, north to southern Japan
Μέγεθος / Βάρος / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 50.0 cm TL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Ref. 4420); common length : 30.0 cm TL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Ref. 3109)
Short description
Κλείδες προσδιορισμού | Μορφολογία | Μορφομετρία
Ραχιαίες άκανθες (συνολικά) : 3; Μαλακές ραχιαίες ακτίνες (συνολικά) : 33 - 36; Εδρικές άκανθες: 0; Μαλακές εδρικές ακτίνες: 28 - 31.
Inhabits reef channels or along slopes that are subject to strong currents (Ref. 48637). Occur in current-swept seaward coral reefs. Usually form aggregations and feed on zooplankton as well as sponges (Ref. 9770). Juveniles associated with isolated patches of rubble or crevices with proper-sized shelter holes (Ref. 1602). Oviparous (Ref. 205). Form large schools to feed on zooplankton (Ref. 48637). Also taken by drive-in nets (Ref. 9770). Marketed fresh or dried-salted. Minimum depth reported taken from Ref. 30874. Popular aquarium fish (Ref. 37816).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | Αναπαραγωγή | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Προνύμφες
Distinct pairing (Ref. 205). Only females tend the eggs but both parents keep guard (Ref. 116451).
Randall, J.E., G.R. Allen and R.C. Steene, 1990. Fishes of the Great Barrier Reef and Coral Sea. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, Hawaii. 506 p. (Ref. 2334)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
αλιεία: περιορισμένης εμπορικότητας; Ενυδρείο: Εμπορικό(ά)
Εργαλεία
Special reports
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Διαδικτυακές πηγές
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 24.9 - 29.1, mean 27.9 °C (based on 918 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.03236 (0.01900 - 0.05512), b=2.96 (2.81 - 3.11), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Τροφικό Επίπεδο (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.41 se; based on food items.
Ελαστικότητα (Ref.
120179): Μεσαίο(α), ελάχιστος χρόνος για διπλασιασμό πληθυσμού 1,4 - 4,4 έτη (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (40 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 33.4 [14.1, 77.0] mg/100g; Iron = 0.543 [0.282, 1.221] mg/100g; Protein = 18.4 [16.2, 20.5] %; Omega3 = 0.102 [0.051, 0.199] g/100g; Selenium = 37.1 [19.2, 76.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 45 [13, 159] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.996 [0.679, 1.475] mg/100g (wet weight);
