Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecología
marino; agua dulce; salobre demersal; catadromo; rango de profundidad 1 - 10 m (Ref. 9812). Temperate; 10°S - 44°S
Southwest Pacific: Australia including the Lord Howe and Norfolk islands. Probably also the southern extreme of Queensland (Ref. 9812).
Tamaño / Peso / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 40.0 cm TL macho / no sexado; (Ref. 9812); common length : 20.0 cm TL macho / no sexado; (Ref. 9812)
Espinas dorsales (total) : 4; Espinas anales: 3; Radios blandos anales: 9. Dark olive-green or reddish brown dorsally, greenish wash on upper flanks, lower flanks silvery (Ref. 9812). Gold blotch on operculum (Ref. 9812). Golden-yellow iris around dark eye (Ref. 9812). Fins greenish brown, except anal fin with white margin (Ref. 9812). Black spot at base of pectoral fin (Ref. 9812).
Form schools in shallow coastal waters and lower estuaries. Found in freshwater during its first year, seldom thereafter (Ref. 9812). Spawn near estuary mouths or in the sea (Ref. 9812). Oviparous, eggs are pelagic and non-adhesive (Ref. 205). Feed on small crustaceans and mollusks as well as microscopic algae (Ref. 2109). Marketed fresh or filleted (Ref. 9812).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | Reproducción | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larva
Francis, M.P., 1993. Checklist of the coastal fishes of Lord Howe, Norfolk, and Kermadec Islands, Southwest Pacific Ocean. Pac. Sci. 47(2):136-170. (Ref. 8879)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Pesquerías: comercial
Herramientas
Special reports
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Fuentes de Internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 18.1 - 23.3, mean 21.2 °C (based on 60 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01175 (0.00558 - 0.02474), b=2.96 (2.79 - 3.13), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Nivel trófico (Ref.
69278): 3.1 ±0.41 se; based on food items.
Resiliencia (Ref.
120179): Alto, población duplicada en un tiempo mínimo inferior a 15 meses (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (21 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 76.3 [33.4, 166.4] mg/100g; Iron = 0.529 [0.249, 1.045] mg/100g; Protein = 18.9 [17.3, 20.7] %; Omega3 = 0.852 [0.402, 1.824] g/100g; Selenium = 9.94 [4.07, 23.65] μg/100g; VitaminA = 8.37 [2.27, 34.03] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.761 [0.504, 1.134] mg/100g (wet weight);