Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
экология
морской; пресноводный; солоноватоводный демерсальный; катадромный; пределы глубины 1 - 10 m (Ref. 9812). Temperate; 10°S - 44°S
Southwest Pacific: Australia including the Lord Howe and Norfolk islands. Probably also the southern extreme of Queensland (Ref. 9812).
Size / Вес / Возраст
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 40.0 cm TL самец/пол неопределен; (Ref. 9812); common length : 20.0 cm TL самец/пол неопределен; (Ref. 9812)
колючие лучи спинного плавника (общее число) : 4; колючие лучи анального плавника: 3; членистые (мягкие) лучи анального плавника: 9. Dark olive-green or reddish brown dorsally, greenish wash on upper flanks, lower flanks silvery (Ref. 9812). Gold blotch on operculum (Ref. 9812). Golden-yellow iris around dark eye (Ref. 9812). Fins greenish brown, except anal fin with white margin (Ref. 9812). Black spot at base of pectoral fin (Ref. 9812).
Form schools in shallow coastal waters and lower estuaries. Found in freshwater during its first year, seldom thereafter (Ref. 9812). Spawn near estuary mouths or in the sea (Ref. 9812). Oviparous, eggs are pelagic and non-adhesive (Ref. 205). Feed on small crustaceans and mollusks as well as microscopic algae (Ref. 2109). Marketed fresh or filleted (Ref. 9812).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | размножение | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | личинки
Francis, M.P., 1993. Checklist of the coastal fishes of Lord Howe, Norfolk, and Kermadec Islands, Southwest Pacific Ocean. Pac. Sci. 47(2):136-170. (Ref. 8879)
Статус Красного Списка МСОП (Ref. 130435)
Угроза для людей
Harmless
Использование человеком
рыболовство: коммерческий
дополнительная информация
инструменты
Специальные отчеты
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ресурсы в Интернет
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 18.1 - 23.3, mean 21.2 °C (based on 60 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01175 (0.00558 - 0.02474), b=2.96 (2.79 - 3.13), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.1 ±0.41 se; based on food items.
устойчивость к внешним воздействиям (Ref.
120179): высокий, минимальное время удвоения популяции до 15 месяцев (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (21 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 76.3 [33.4, 166.4] mg/100g; Iron = 0.529 [0.249, 1.045] mg/100g; Protein = 18.9 [17.3, 20.7] %; Omega3 = 0.852 [0.402, 1.824] g/100g; Selenium = 9.94 [4.07, 23.65] μg/100g; VitaminA = 8.37 [2.27, 34.03] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.761 [0.504, 1.134] mg/100g (wet weight);
