Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecologie
marien; brak water; diepte 0 - 20 m (Ref. 6390). Temperate; 28°S - 37°S
Southwest Pacific: eastern Australia from Moreton Bay, Queensland to Eden, New South Wales, including Lord Howe and Norfolk Islands.
Grootte / Gewicht / Leeftijd
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 39.8 cm SL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 10988)
Korte beschrijving
Determinatiesleutels | Morfologie | Morfometrie
Dorsale stekels (totaal) : 0; Dorsale zachte stralen (totaal) : 15 - 17; Anale stekels: 0; Anale zachte stralen: 17 - 20; Wervels: 56 - 58. Preorbital canal with a posterior branch. Relatively longer jaws, especially at larger sizes. Gill rakers usually 34 or more in the first arch and usually 27 or more on the second arch.
Found in sheltered bays, clear coastal waters and sometimes in estuaries (Ref. 27012). Generally herbivorous. Feed mainly on seagrasses and algal filaments (Ref. 26551, 27013). Eastern sea garfish also consume a high proportion of crustaceans (Ref. 27013). A schooling fish, found generally near the surface at night and close to the sea floor over seagrass beds during the day (Ref. 6390). They are being preyed upon by mulloway (Argyrosomus hololepidotus) and tailor (Pomatomus saltatrix), as well as coastal water birds. No studies have been reported on the spawning of this species (Ref. 6390).
Levenscyclus en paargedrag
Maturiteit | Voortplanting | Paaien | Eieren | Fecunditeit | Larven
Viviparous.
Collette, B.B., 1974. The garfishes (Hemiramphidae) of Australia and New Zealand. Records of the Australian Museum 29(2):11-105. (Ref. 10988)
Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
Gevaar voor de mens
Harmless
Gebruik door de mens
Visserij: commercieel; aas: usually
Tools
Speciale rapporten
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Internetbronnen
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 18 - 23.4, mean 20.7 °C (based on 55 cells).
Fylogenetische diversiteitsindex (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00257 (0.00115 - 0.00574), b=3.09 (2.91 - 3.27), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trofisch niveau (Ref.
69278): 2.6 ±0.25 se; based on food items.
Weerstandsvermogen (Ref.
120179): Hoog, minimale populatieverdubbelingstijd minder dan 15 maanden (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (23 of 100).
