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Teleostei >
Siluriformes (Catfishes) >
Aspredinidae (Banjo catfishes) > Aspredininae
Etymology: Bunocephalus: Greek, byneo = to fill up, to swell + Greek, kephale = head (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Cope.
Issue
See Mees (1989: 208) for detailed description.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
; 淡水 居于水底的; pH range: 6.0 - 8.0; dH range: 5 - 19. 熱帶; 25°C - 28°C (Ref. 30491)
South America: Amazon River basin.
南美洲: 亞馬遜河流域。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ?, range 14 - ? cm
Max length : 11.0 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 36695)
Facultative air-breathing in the genus; Occurs in ponds (Ref. 11229) and forest creeks rich in plant debris (Ref. 35381). Benthic fish which feeds on a wide range of food, including organic debris from the bottom. Spawns eggs on sandy substrate, in groups. Unlike the other species of Aspredinidae, the female does not carry her eggs (4,000 to 5,000 per spawning) in bags (cotylophores). It swims with undulating motion of its body and tail, rhythmically ejecting water from its opercles, thus resulting in a forward propulsion (Ref. 35381). Aquarium keeping: needs fine gravel or sand; minimum aquarium size 80 cm (Ref. 51539).
出现于池塘 (参考文献 11229) ，而且森林小溪丰富的在植物残枝。 (参考文献 35381) 吃宽范围的食物的底栖的鱼, 包括来自底部的有机的残砾。 在砂质底部上产卵卵, 成群。 不像蝌蚪鲶科的另一个种, 母鱼不会带她的卵 (4,000 到 5,000 每产卵) 在袋子 (cotylophores). 它以波动方式游泳它的身体与尾部, 节奏地从它的鳃盖排水, 如此造成一个向前的推进.(参考文献 35381) 水族馆保持: 需要细砂砾或沙子; 水族馆最小体型 80 公分.(参考文献 51539)
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔鱼
Spawns in up to 30 cm deep water (Ref.1672).南美洲: 亞馬遜河流域。
Friel, J.P., 2003. Aspredinidae (Banjo catfishes). p. 261-267. In R.E. Reis, S.O. Kullander and C.J. Ferraris, Jr. (eds.) Checklist of the Freshwater Fishes of South and Central America. Porto Alegre: EDIPUCRS, Brasil. (Ref. 36695)
人类利用
渔业: 没有兴趣; 水族馆: 商业性
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5001 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00324 (0.00134 - 0.00780), b=3.03 (2.83 - 3.23), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.8 ±0.60 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 1.4 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Fec = 4,000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (18 of 100).
