Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
বাস্তুসংস্থান
সামুদ্রিক রীফ সংশ্লিষ্ট; গভীরতার পরিসীমা 1 - 70 m (Ref. 126840), usually 5 - 55 m (Ref. 5288). Subtropical; 43°N - 30°S, 98°W - 5°W
Western Atlantic: Bermuda, Massachusetts, and northern Gulf of Mexico to southern Brazil. Eastern Atlantic: Ascension and St. Helena.
আকৃতি / ওজন / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 45.0 cm TL পুরুষ/ লিঙ্গ অনিধর্ারিত ; (Ref. 5288); common length : 30.0 cm TL পুরুষ/ লিঙ্গ অনিধর্ারিত ; (Ref. 3812); সবের্াচ্চ প্রকাশিত ওজন : 1.6 kg (Ref. 40637)
পৃষ্ঠীয় কাঁটা (মোট ) : 12; পৃষ্ঠীয় নরম পাখনা দন্ড (মোট ) : 10; পায়ূ কাঁটা : 3; পায়ূর নরম পাখনা্তুন্ড: 5. Occipital pit present; three to four spines on part of preorbital overlapping maxillary; large white spots on dark background on inner basal part of pectoral fin (unclear in specimens smaller than 3 cm SL) (Ref. 13608).
Found mostly in shallow coral reef and rocky areas. Lies motionless on the bottom (Ref. 9710). Feeds mostly on other fishes and crustaceans. Moderately common below about 5 m depth to at least 55 m. Displays characteristic bright white spots on dark background of pectoral axil when disturbed (Ref. 49392). Anterolateral glandular groove with venom gland (Ref. 57406). Eaten locally and said to taste a bit like chicken. Traded as an aquarium fish at Ceará, Brazil (Ref. 49392).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | প্রজনন | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | শুককীট
Smith-Vaniz, W.F., B.B. Collette and B.E. Luckhurst, 1999. Fishes of Bermuda: history, zoogeography, annotated checklist, and identification keys. American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists Special Publication No. 4. 424 p. (Ref. 35505)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Human uses
মৎস্য: গৌণ বাণিজ্যিক ; মৎস্যাধার / এ্যাকুয়ারিয়াম : বাণিজ্যিক
হাতিয়ার
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ইন্টারনেট সুত্র
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 21.9 - 28, mean 25.6 °C (based on 770 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01514 (0.00987 - 0.02321), b=3.00 (2.87 - 3.13), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
ট্রফিক পর্যায়ে (Ref.
69278): 3.6 ±0.3 se; based on diet studies.
স্থিতিস্থাপক (Ref.
120179): নিম্ন/ , সর্বনিম্ন প্রজন দ্বিগুনের সময় ৪.৪-১৪ বৎসর (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (35 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 26.5 [10.7, 67.5] mg/100g; Iron = 0.53 [0.27, 1.47] mg/100g; Protein = 19.3 [17.6, 21.0] %; Omega3 = 0.293 [0.127, 0.806] g/100g; Selenium = 16.8 [7.9, 40.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 58.3 [19.9, 179.9] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.815 [0.541, 1.238] mg/100g (wet weight);
