分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Stomiiformes (Lightfishes and dragonfishes) >
Sternoptychidae (Marine hatchetfishes) > Maurolicinae
Etymology: Valenciennellus: From Achille Valenciennes 1794-1865; he worked with Duméril, Cuvier and Lacepède since 1815; malacologist, author of a "Histoire naturelle des poissons" (Ref. 45335).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 深海区的; 非迁移的; 深度上下限 100 - 1000 m (Ref. 74511), usually 200 - 400 m (Ref. 4462). 深水域; 67°N - 34°S, 98°W - 117°W
Worldwide in tropical to temperate waters (Ref. 37039). Eastern Atlantic: scattered records in Iceland, Ireland, Mediterranean Sea, also from Portugal southward to Namibia. Western Atlantic: Gulf of Mexico (Ref. 27768). Northwest Atlantic: Canada (Ref. 5951). Eastern Pacific: California Current region (Ref. 35838). South China Sea (Ref.74511).
東大西洋: 在冰島，愛爾蘭的分散記錄, 地中海,也從葡萄牙向南至那米比亞。 西大西洋: 墨西哥灣.(參考文獻 27768) 東太平洋: 加利福尼亞海流區域.(參考文獻 35838) 熱帶印度洋，大西洋與太平洋.(參考文獻 47377)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ?, range 3 - ? cm
Max length : 3.1 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 4462); 3.1 cm SL (female)
背棘 (总数) : 0; 背的软条 (总数) : 7 - 10; 臀棘: 0; 臀鳍软条: 22 - 25. Silvery in color during the day, darker at night. Branchiostegal rays: 9-10 (Ref. 35838). Unique arrangements of the photophores on the tail, five separated groups containing 2-4 light organs (Ref. 37473).
银色的颜色在白天期间, 比较深色的在晚上。 鳃条骨: 9-10.(参考文献 35838) 在尾部上的发光器的独特安排, 五分开了包含 2-4 发光器的群.(参考文献 37473)
Oceanic and mesopelagic, with marked stratification of size with depth (Ref. 4739). Generally non-migrant or only short diel vertical migrations (Ref. 4739). A selective daytime feeder on copepods (mainly Pleuromamma and ostracods, Conchoecia) (Ref. 4739). Also Ref. 58302.
大洋性与海洋中层带的鱼种, 与大小的显着层化随着深度。 (参考文献 4739) 通常非移居者或唯一的短日周期性的垂直性回游.(参考文献 4739) 选择的白天捕食桡脚类的动物 (主要地 Pleuromamma 与介形虫, Conchoecia) 。 (参考文献 4739)
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔鱼
Annual species probably spawning year round (Ref. 4739). Spawns more than once with egg batches about 100-360 eggs/ovary pair, the number increasing with animal size (Ref. 4739).東大西洋: 在冰島，愛爾蘭的分散記錄, 地中海,也從葡萄牙向南至那米比亞。 西大西洋: 墨西哥灣.(參考文獻 27768) 東太平洋: 加利福尼亞海流區域.(參考文獻 35838) 熱帶印度洋，大西洋與太平洋.(參考文獻 47377)
Quéro, J.-C., J.C. Njock and M.M. de la Hoz, 1990. Sternoptychidae. p. 275-282. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 1. (Ref. 4462)
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 8.1 - 19, mean 12.7 °C (based on 680 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01122 (0.00514 - 0.02450), b=3.04 (2.87 - 3.21), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.1 ±0.24 se; based on food items.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (tmax=1; tm<1; Fec=100-360 (annual<1000)).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
