分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria)
鱸形目 (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Sciaenidae (Drums or croakers)
石首魚科 (Drums or croakers)
Etymology: Ctenosciaena: Greek, kteis, ktenos = comb + Greek, skiaina = barbel, red mullet (Ref. 45335).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 居于水底的; 深度上下限 10 - 130 m (Ref. 9626), usually 10 - 80 m (Ref. 3702). 熱帶; 13°N - 34°S, 77°W - 38°W
Western Atlantic: Nicaragua along the Caribbean coast and Atlantic coasts of South America to southern Brazil.
西大西洋: 尼加拉瓜沿著加勒比海的海岸與南美洲到巴西南部的大西洋海岸。
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 21.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 9626); common length : 16.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 3702); 最大体重: 77.20 g (Ref. 118626)
背棘 (总数) : 11; 背的软条 (总数) : 21 - 24; 臀棘: 2; 臀鳍软条: 7 - 8. Body silvery, grey on back and white on belly. Inside of opercle lining black, appearing as a dark triangular blotch externally. Base of pectoral fin and axil with a dark spot. Upper half of spinous dorsal fin dusky. Other fins pale. Mouth moderately large, slightly inferior. Tip of chin with a pointed flexible barbel. Gas bladder carrot-shaped, without appendages. Sagitta (large earstone) thick and ovoid, lapillus (small earstone) rudimentary (Ref 51721).
在腹面上的身体银色又灰色的背面与白色。 在鳃盖衬里黑色之内, 外部地呈现一个黑的三角形的斑块。 胸鳍基底与叶腋具有一个深色斑点。 刺状背鳍的上半部暗色的。 其他的鳍灰白的。 嘴普通大的, 些微下方。 下巴的顶端具有一个尖的柔韧有弹性的触须。 气鳔胡萝卜-形状的, 没有附肢。 矢耳石 (大的 earstone) 厚与卵形的, 微石 (小的 earstone) 不发达的 (参考文献 51721).
Inhabits coastal waters, usually over sandy mud bottoms (Ref. 3702). Feeds mainly on shrimps (Ref. 3702). Important food fish.
栖息于沿岸水域, 通常在沙泥底上面.(参考文献 3702) 主要吃虾。 (参考文献 3702) 重要的食用鱼。
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔鱼
西大西洋: 尼加拉瓜沿著加勒比海的海岸與南美洲到巴西南部的大西洋海岸。
Cervigón, F., 1993. Los peces marinos de Venezuela. Volume 2. Fundación Científica Los Roques, Caracas,Venezuela. 497 p. (Ref. 9626)
人类利用
渔业: 低经济; 诱饵: usually
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特别资料
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 20.1 - 27.8, mean 26.1 °C (based on 290 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00851 (0.00776 - 0.00934), b=3.08 (3.06 - 3.10), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.9 ±0.4 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 3.3 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (32 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 175 [98, 350] mg/100g; Iron = 1.08 [0.56, 1.97] mg/100g; Protein = 18.7 [17.5, 19.9] %; Omega3 = 0.267 [0.136, 0.465] g/100g; Selenium = 49.7 [24.9, 98.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 37.7 [12.5, 133.0] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.28 [0.89, 1.87] mg/100g (wet weight);
