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Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Sciaenidae (Drums or croakers)
Etymology: Ctenosciaena: Greek, kteis, ktenos = comb + Greek, skiaina = barbel, red mullet (Ref. 45335).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
экология
морской демерсальный; пределы глубины 10 - 130 m (Ref. 9626), usually 10 - 80 m (Ref. 3702). Tropical; 13°N - 34°S, 77°W - 38°W
Western Atlantic: Nicaragua along the Caribbean coast and Atlantic coasts of South America to southern Brazil.
Size / Вес / Возраст
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 21.0 cm TL самец/пол неопределен; (Ref. 9626); common length : 16.0 cm TL самец/пол неопределен; (Ref. 3702); наибольший вес (опубликованные данные): 77.20 g (Ref. 118626)
колючие лучи спинного плавника (общее число) : 11; членистые (мягкие) лучи спинного плавника (общее число) : 21 - 24; колючие лучи анального плавника: 2; членистые (мягкие) лучи анального плавника: 7 - 8. Body silvery, grey on back and white on belly. Inside of opercle lining black, appearing as a dark triangular blotch externally. Base of pectoral fin and axil with a dark spot. Upper half of spinous dorsal fin dusky. Other fins pale. Mouth moderately large, slightly inferior. Tip of chin with a pointed flexible barbel. Gas bladder carrot-shaped, without appendages. Sagitta (large earstone) thick and ovoid, lapillus (small earstone) rudimentary (Ref 51721).
Inhabits coastal waters, usually over sandy mud bottoms (Ref. 3702). Feeds mainly on shrimps (Ref. 3702). Important food fish.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | размножение | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | личинки
Cervigón, F., 1993. Los peces marinos de Venezuela. Volume 2. Fundación Científica Los Roques, Caracas,Venezuela. 497 p. (Ref. 9626)
Статус Красного Списка МСОП (Ref. 130435)
Угроза для людей
Harmless
Использование человеком
рыболовство: не имеет хозяйственного значения; наживка: usually
дополнительная информация
инструменты
Специальные отчеты
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ресурсы в Интернет
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 20.1 - 27.8, mean 26.1 °C (based on 290 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00851 (0.00776 - 0.00934), b=3.08 (3.06 - 3.10), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.9 ±0.4 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 3.3 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
устойчивость к внешним воздействиям (Ref.
120179): средний (среднего размера), минимальное время удвоения популяции 1.4-4.4 года (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (32 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 175 [98, 350] mg/100g; Iron = 1.08 [0.56, 1.97] mg/100g; Protein = 18.7 [17.5, 19.9] %; Omega3 = 0.267 [0.136, 0.465] g/100g; Selenium = 49.7 [24.9, 98.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 37.7 [12.5, 133.0] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.28 [0.89, 1.87] mg/100g (wet weight);
