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Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Haemulidae (Grunts) > Haemulinae
Etymology: Haemulon: Greek, haimaleos = bloody (Ref. 45335).
Umwelt: Milieu / Klimazone / Tiefenbereich / Verbreitungsgebiet
Ökologie
seewasser riff-verbunden; tiefenbereich 0 - 60 m (Ref. 36484). Subtropical; 34°N - 34°S, 98°W - 34°W
Western Atlantic: Bermuda, South Carolina (USA), and northern Gulf of Mexico to Brazil; throughout the West Indies and the coasts of Central America (Ref. 3798).
Länge bei der ersten Reifung / Größe / Gewicht / Alter
Geschlechtsreife: Lm 16.0  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 30.0 cm TL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 7251); common length : 17.0 cm TL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 3798)
Rückenflossenstacheln (insgesamt) : 12; Rückenflossenweichstrahlen (insgesamt) : 14 - 15; Afterflossenstacheln: 3; Afterflossenweichstrahlen: 8. Mostly yellow, paler below. Scales below lateral line in oblique rows and much larger than those above lateral line. No other grunt has enlarged scales below the lateral line (Ref. 26938).
Body shape (shape guide): short and / or deep.
Occurs in large schools on rocky and coral reefs, often under ledges or close to elkhorn coral (Ref. 9710). Juveniles abundant in near-shore seagrass beds (Ref. 9710). Feeds mainly on small crustaceans (Ref. 3798). Marketed fresh (Ref. 3798).
Oviparous, distinct pairing during breeding (Ref. 205).
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
IUCN Rote Liste Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Bedrohung für Menschen
Reports of ciguatera poisoning (Ref. 30303)
Nutzung durch Menschen
Fischereien: kommerziell; Aquarium: Öffentliche Aquarien; Köder: usually
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Schätzungen auf der Grundlage von Modellen
Bevorzugte Temperatur (Ref.
123201): 25.4 - 28, mean 27.2 °C (based on 240 cells).
Phylogenetischer Diversitätsindex (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01349 (0.00861 - 0.02114), b=3.00 (2.87 - 3.13), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophische Ebene (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.1 se; based on diet studies.
Widerstandsfähigkeit (Ref.
120179): mittel, Verdopplung der Population dauert 1,4 - 4,4 Jahre. (K=0.24).
Anfälligkeit der Fischerei (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (32 of 100).
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Nährstoffe (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 26.7 [11.5, 74.1] mg/100g; Iron = 0.579 [0.281, 1.123] mg/100g; Protein = 19.5 [17.5, 21.5] %; Omega3 = 0.169 [0.076, 0.330] g/100g; Selenium = 15.4 [7.0, 31.3] μg/100g; VitaminA = 38 [10, 140] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.714 [0.431, 1.162] mg/100g (wet weight);