Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
laut berasosiasi dengan karang; kisaran kedalaman 1 - 50 m (Ref. 115174). Tropical; 26°N - 8°N, 98°W - 60°W
Western Atlantic: Southern Florida and Antilles south to Venezuela.
Size / Weight / umur
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 40.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 3798); common length : 30.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 3798)
Duri punggung (Keseluruhan (total)) : 12; duri punggung lunak (Keseluruhan (total)) : 15 - 16; Duri dubur: 3; Sirip dubur lunak: 8 - 9. Bluish silver with about 18 blackish yellow oblique stripes on body; a small amount of black pigment under upper margin of preopercle.
Occurs in shallow neritic areas, over shallow mud to sand-mud bottoms; less common in areas with clear water and coral reef habitats (Ref. 5217). Marketed fresh and salted (Ref. 3798).
Oviparous, distinct pairing during breeding (Ref. 205).
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
ancaman kepada manusia
Reports of ciguatera poisoning (Ref. 30303)
penggunaan manusia
Perikanan: komersial; Akuarium: Akuarium publik
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01413 (0.00875 - 0.02279), b=2.99 (2.86 - 3.12), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.5 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 6.0 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
Daya lenting (Ref.
120179): sedang, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum 1.4 - 4.4 tahun (K=0.18).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (44 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 37 [14, 68] mg/100g; Iron = 0.53 [0.28, 0.95] mg/100g; Protein = 19.2 [17.3, 21.0] %; Omega3 = 0.131 [0.071, 0.207] g/100g; Selenium = 31.5 [18.3, 51.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 94.2 [36.0, 233.6] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.21 [0.84, 1.74] mg/100g (wet weight);
