Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecologie
marien; diepte 0 - 50 m (Ref. 189). Tropical; 33°N - 3°S, 116°W - 77°W (Ref. 189)
Eastern Central Pacific: southwestern coast of Baja California, Mexico and the Gulf of California to Panama and the Galápagos Islands.
Grootte / Gewicht / Leeftijd
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 17.0 cm TL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 114986); common length : 9.5 cm SL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 9298)
Korte beschrijving
Determinatiesleutels | Morfologie | Morfometrie
Dorsale stekels (totaal) : 0; Anale stekels: 0; Anale zachte stralen: 15 - 19. Body rather elongate, but somewhat compressed. Snout moderate, about 3/4 eye diameter; maxilla moderate, tip narrowly pointed, reaching onto sub-operculum, but not to edge of gill cover; gill cover canals of panamensis-type. Anal fin short, its origin below posterior third of dorsal fin base. A narrow silver stripe along flank, deeper above anal fin (about 3/4 to 2/3 eye diameter).
A schooling species occurring in coastal waters. Pelagic. Frequently caught over sand or gravel in the Gulf of Nicoya, Costa Rica, but also over mud.
Levenscyclus en paargedrag
Maturities | Voortplanting | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larven
May spawn throughout the year in the Gulf of Nicoya, Costa Rica (Ref. 189). Spawn in school (Ref. 205).
Whitehead, P.J.P., G.J. Nelson and T. Wongratana, 1988. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (Suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/2):305-579. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 189)
Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 130435)
Gevaar voor de mens
Harmless
Gebruik door de mens
Visserij: visserij voor eigen gebruik
Tools
Speciale rapporten
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Internetbronnen
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 20.6 - 28.5, mean 25.8 °C (based on 60 cells).
Fylogenetische diversiteitsindex (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00589 (0.00358 - 0.00967), b=3.13 (3.00 - 3.26), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trofisch niveau (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.4 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Weerstandsvermogen (Ref.
120179): Hoog, minimale populatieverdubbelingstijd minder dan 15 maanden (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).