Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecologie
marien rifbewoner; diepte 1 - 60 m (Ref. 58047). Subtropical
Western Atlantic: Bermuda, southern Florida (USA) and the Bahamas to northern South America, including the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean (Ref. 3255). Eastern Atlantic: Cape Verde and from Senegal to Gabon; including St. Paul's Rocks (Ref. 13121) and the islands of Bay of Biafra (Ref. 4450). Also southern Atlantic islands (Ref. 26938).
Grootte / Gewicht / Leeftijd
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 100.0 cm TL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 4450); common length : 60.0 cm TL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 5217); max. gepubliceerd gewicht: 1.3 kg (Ref. 40637)
With arched jaws that touch only at their tips when mouth is closed (Ref. 26938).
A benthic and solitary species (Ref. 26340) common on shallow reefs and along rocky shores. Caught incidentally and consumed fresh or salted in some localities (Ref. 3255).
Levenscyclus en paargedrag
Maturities | Voortplanting | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larven
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 130435)
Gevaar voor de mens
Harmless
Gebruik door de mens
Visserij: visserij voor eigen gebruik
Tools
Speciale rapporten
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Internetbronnen
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 24.7 - 28.8, mean 27.5 °C (based on 1018 cells).
Fylogenetische diversiteitsindex (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5002 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00050 (0.00025 - 0.00101), b=3.26 (3.10 - 3.42), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trofisch niveau (Ref.
69278): 4.5 ±0.8 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Weerstandsvermogen (Ref.
120179): laag, minimale populatieverdubbelingstijd 4,5-14 jaar (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (60 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 18 [9, 34] mg/100g; Iron = 0.493 [0.271, 0.927] mg/100g; Protein = 19.3 [17.1, 21.8] %; Omega3 = 0.155 [0.066, 0.436] g/100g; Selenium = 21.7 [10.5, 46.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 53.8 [15.0, 188.7] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.566 [0.372, 0.856] mg/100g (wet weight);
