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> Mulliformes (Goatfishes) > Mullidae (Goatfishes)
Etymology: Mullus: Latin, mullus = soft (Ref. 45335).
More on authors: Jordan & Gilbert.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecologie

marien demersaal; diepte 9 - 91 m (Ref. 7251), usually 10 - 60 m (Ref. 5217). Subtropical; 46°N - 6°N, 98°W - 56°W

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Western Atlantic: Nova Scotia, Canada and Bermuda to Guyana. Rare north of Florida, USA; absent from Bahamas.

Grootte / Gewicht / Leeftijd

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 25.0 cm TL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 7251); 27.0 cm TL (female); common length : 16.0 cm TL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 3792); max. gepubliceerd gewicht: 0.00 g

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Dorsale stekels (totaal) : 9; Dorsale zachte stralen (totaal) : 8; Anale stekels: 2; Anale zachte stralen: 6. Red to reddish dorsally, grading to whitish ventrally, with 2 to 5 longitudinal yellow stripes that are generally not sharply defined. First dorsal fin with 2 orange to red stripes, the outer part of fin sometimes blackish. Second dorsal fin with 4 or 5 narrow reddish stripes. Caudal fin reddish. Snout short, the dorsal profile steep, forming an angle of about 60º and nearly straight. Interorbital space broad and flat. Teeth very small, in a villiform band in lower jaw, none in upper jaw. No spine in opercle (Ref 52648).

Inhabits neritic waters, especially over sand or mud bottoms (Ref. 5217). Flesh considered excellent quality; marketed fresh (Ref. 3792).

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Oviparous (Ref. 101743).

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Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)

Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 130435)

Niet bedreigd (LC) ; Date assessed: 29 January 2013

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Gevaar voor de mens

Harmless

Gebruik door de mens

Visserij: van minder commercieel belang

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 22.9 - 28, mean 25.6 °C (based on 480 cells).

Fylogenetische diversiteitsindex (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5625 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01023 (0.00499 - 0.02097), b=3.10 (2.93 - 3.27), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).

Trofisch niveau (Ref. 69278): 3.4 ±0.3 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives

Weerstandsvermogen (Ref. 120179): Gemiddeld, minimale populatieverdubbelingstijd 1,4-4,4 jaar (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Low vulnerability (17 of 100).

Prijsklasse (Ref. 80766): High.

Mullus auratus Jordan & Gilbert, 1882