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Tetraodontiformes (Puffers and filefishes) >
Monacanthidae (Filefishes)
Etymology: Aluterus: Name from Greek meaning not free or detached, referring to the pelvis that does not form a spiny project (as it does in triggerfish) (R. Chandler, pers. Comm. 10/2014).
Eponymy: Dr Johann David Schoepf (1752–1800) was a German botanist, zoologist and physician. [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on author: Walbaum.
Umwelt: Milieu / Klimazone / Tiefenbereich / Verbreitungsgebiet
Ökologie
seewasser riff-verbunden; tiefenbereich 3 - 900 m (Ref. 3592), usually ? - 50 m (Ref. 3592). Subtropical; 46°N - 27°S, 97°W - 13°E
Western Atlantic: Nova Scotia (Canada), Bermuda, and northern Gulf of Mexico to Brazil. Eastern Atlantic: Cape Blanc, Mauritania to Angola (Ref. 3592).
Größe / Gewicht / Alter
Geschlechtsreife: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 61.0 cm TL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 26340); common length : 40.0 cm TL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 3592)
Rückenflossenstacheln (insgesamt) : 2; Rückenflossenweichstrahlen (insgesamt) : 32 - 39; Afterflossenstacheln: 0; Afterflossenweichstrahlen: 35 - 41. Pelvic terminus always absent; head and body with numerous small round orange or orange-yellow spots; lips often blackish (Ref. 13442).
Body shape (shape guide): short and / or deep.
Usually found over bottoms with seagrass, sand, or mud (Ref. 3790). Juveniles are associated with floating Sargassum. Solitary or in pairs (Ref. 9710). Feeds on a variety of plants, including algae and seagrasses (Ref. 3790). Generally considered as trash fish, rarely consumed (Ref. 3790). Traded as an aquarium fish at Ceará, Brazil (Ref. 49392).
Lebenszyklus und Paarungsverhalten
Geschlechtsreife | Fortpflanzung | Ablaichen | Eier | Fruchtbarkeit | Larven
Distinct pairing (Ref. 205).
Harmelin-Vivien, M.L. and J.-C. Quéro, 1990. Monacanthidae. p. 1061-1066. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 3592)
IUCN Rote Liste Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Bedrohung für Menschen
Reports of ciguatera poisoning (Ref. 30911)
Nutzung durch Menschen
Fischereien: kleinfischerei; Aquarium: Kommerziell
Tools
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Internet Quellen
Schätzungen auf der Grundlage von Modellen
Bevorzugte Temperatur (Ref.
123201): 20 - 28, mean 25.6 °C (based on 842 cells).
Phylogenetischer Diversitätsindex (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5625 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01905 (0.00905 - 0.04012), b=2.93 (2.75 - 3.11), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophische Ebene (Ref.
69278): 2.0 ±0.1 se; based on diet studies.
Widerstandsfähigkeit (Ref.
120179): mittel, Verdopplung der Population dauert 1,4 - 4,4 Jahre. (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Anfälligkeit der Fischerei (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (44 of 100).
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Nährstoffe (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 15.4 [5.5, 43.4] mg/100g; Iron = 0.54 [0.24, 1.41] mg/100g; Protein = 18.3 [15.9, 20.5] %; Omega3 = 0.159 [0.065, 0.358] g/100g; Selenium = 37 [14, 102] μg/100g; VitaminA = 20.1 [3.6, 108.2] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.785 [0.452, 1.359] mg/100g (wet weight);