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Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Gerreidae (Mojarras)
Etymology: Eucinostomus: Greek, eu = good + Greek, kyon = dog + Greek, stoma = mouth (Ref. 45335).
More on authors: Baird & Girard.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Οικολογία
Θαλασσινό(ά); Γλυκού νερού; Υφάλμυρο Υφαλόφιλο(α); εύρος βάθους 0 - 12 m (Ref. 5227). Subtropical; 41°N - 30°S, 120°W - 34°W
Eastern Pacific: Anaheim Bay in southern California, USA southward to Peru, including the Galapagos Islands. Western Atlantic: New Jersey, USA and Bermuda through the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean to southeastern Brazil (Ref. 7251).
Length at first maturity / Μέγεθος / Βάρος / Age
Maturity: Lm 12.8  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 21.2 cm TL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Ref. 102462); common length : 15.0 cm TL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Ref. 3722); μεγ. δημοσιευμένο βάρος: 119.66 g (Ref. 102462)
Ραχιαίες άκανθες (συνολικά) : 9; Μαλακές ραχιαίες ακτίνες (συνολικά) : 10; Εδρικές άκανθες: 3; Μαλακές εδρικές ακτίνες: 8. Tip of dorsal fin dusky. Premaxillary groove continuous but narrow, bordered by scales anteriorly (Ref. 26938).
Found over soft bottoms of bays and shallow inshore areas, often along sand beaches (Ref. 2850). Enters freshwater (Ref. 7251). Juveniles are encountered in lagoons of mangroves. Omnivorous (Ref. 9303). Marketed fresh but not highly esteemed; processed into fish meal and used as live bait in the snapper fishery (Ref. 3722).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | Αναπαραγωγή | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Προνύμφες
Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983. A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref. 2850)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
αλιεία: περιορισμένης εμπορικότητας; δόλωμα: occasionally
Εργαλεία
Special reports
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Διαδικτυακές πηγές
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 20.6 - 28.3, mean 27 °C (based on 1053 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5010 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00977 (0.00825 - 0.01157), b=3.08 (3.04 - 3.12), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Τροφικό Επίπεδο (Ref.
69278): 3.2 ±0.1 se; based on diet studies.
Ελαστικότητα (Ref.
120179): Υψηλό, ελάχιστος χρόνος για διπλασιασμό πληθυσμού < 15 μήνες (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (25 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 51.4 [19.0, 111.5] mg/100g; Iron = 0.642 [0.289, 1.253] mg/100g; Protein = 20.1 [18.1, 22.1] %; Omega3 = 0.216 [0.105, 0.433] g/100g; Selenium = 9.44 [4.21, 20.40] μg/100g; VitaminA = 54.2 [13.4, 206.5] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.2 [0.7, 1.9] mg/100g (wet weight);