分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Beloniformes (Needle fishes)
頜針魚目 (Needle fishes) >
Exocoetidae (Flyingfishes)
飛魚科 (Flyingfishes)
Etymology: Hirundichthys: latin, hirundo = swift; 1300 + Greek, ichthys = fish (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Valenciennes.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 0 - ? m. 熱帶; 42°N - 36°S, 180°W - 180°E (Ref. 93339)
Circumglobal: all oceans preferably open ocean waters.
Atlantic: northward from 37°N in the western part of the ocean to 25° N in the eastern part and southward from 30° S in the western part to 8° S in the eastern part; somewhat broader in the Eastern Atlantic. It is quite rare in the Caribbean (except for the eastern part) and in the Gulf of Mexico.
Indian Ocean: Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal in the north to the southern end of Africa and the western coast of Australia in the south; not found in the Red Sea, Aden, Oman and the Persian Gulfs, as well as in the easternmost part of the Indian Ocean in the waters between the southern Indonesian islands and the northern coast of Australia. Juveniles are distributed throughout the range of the species except in the most southwestern areas from the Mozambique Channel to the False Bay and in the waters off the west coast of Australia; juveniles were found in all seasons.
Pacific Ocean: northward from the northwestern tip of the Honshu Island in the west to 20° N in the east, and southward from the east coast of Australia to the waters of Ecuador and
Peru. Absent in the East China, Yellow and Japan Seas, quite rare in the South China Sea, none in the inner Indonesian seas.
全世界的熱帶水域。 東大西洋: 可能遍及熱帶的區域, 顯然地罕見在幾內亞灣而且不存在於本吉拉海流.(參考文獻 4498) 西大西洋: 南美洲北部;(參考文獻 5217) 罕見在加勒比海與墨西哥灣.(參考文獻 3720) 印度洋: 南非 (參考文獻 2797) ，模里西斯，羅德里格斯與馬爾地夫 (參考文獻 33390) 與查戈斯群島.(參考文獻 27307) 西太平洋: 紐西蘭;(參考文獻 5755) 可能不存在於東南亞的內海。 (參考文獻 9839) 中太平洋: 夏威夷.(參考文獻 583) 東太平洋: 薩爾瓦多到厄瓜多.(參考文獻 9300)
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 25.1 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 93339)
背棘 (總數) : 0; 背的軟條 (總數) : 10 - 12; 臀棘: 0; 臀鰭軟條: 11 - 13. Body dark, iridescent blue above, silvery white below; dorsal and caudal fins greyish, other fins hyaline (Ref. 2797). Juveniles elongate, paired fins mottled (Ref. 2797).
身體黑的﹐上半部有藍色虹彩﹐和下面銀白色的; 背鰭與尾鰭鰭略灰色又其他的鰭透明的.(參考文獻 2797) 稚魚延長, 偶鰭有斑點的.(參考文獻 2797)
Found in oceanic surface waters (Ref. 9839). Caught in surface waters over the depths 80-10,400 meters, usually 2000 to 6000 m (mean 4423 m) (Ref. 93339). Spawns throughout the year in warm waters (Ref. 6523).
發現於海洋表面水域了。 (參考文獻 9839) 在溫暖的水域中產卵全年度。 (參考文獻 6523)
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔魚
全世界的熱帶水域。 東大西洋: 可能遍及熱帶的區域, 顯然地罕見在幾內亞灣而且不存在於本吉拉海流.(參考文獻 4498) 西大西洋: 南美洲北部;(參考文獻 5217) 罕見在加勒比海與墨西哥灣.(參考文獻 3720) 印度洋: 南非 (參考文獻 2797) ，模里西斯，羅德里格斯與馬爾地夫 (參考文獻 33390) 與查戈斯群島.(參考文獻 27307) 西太平洋: 紐西蘭;(參考文獻 5755) 可能不存在於東南亞的內海。 (參考文獻 9839) 中太平洋: 夏威夷.(參考文獻 583) 東太平洋: 薩爾瓦多到厄瓜多.(參考文獻 9300)
Shakhovskoy, I.B. and N.V. Parin, 2013. A review of flying fishes of the subgenus Hirundichthys (genus Hirundichthys, Exocoetidae). 1. Oceanic species: H. speculiger, H. indicus sp. nova. J. Ichthyol. 53(2):117-145. (Ref. 93339)
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漁業: 低經濟
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 1.2 - 2.9, mean 1.5 °C (based on 26666 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5002 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00646 (0.00292 - 0.01429), b=3.04 (2.84 - 3.24), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.0 ±0.08 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增時間少於 15個月 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (21 of 100).
