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Elasmobranchii (sharks and rays) > Torpediniformes (Electric rays) > Narkidae (Sleeper rays)
Etymology: Heteronarce: Greek, heteros = other + Greek, narke = numbness (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Regan.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Marine; demersal; depth range 73 - 329 m (Ref. 6589). Subtropical; 20°S - 35°S, 27°E - 37°E (Ref. 114953)

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri

Western Indian Ocean: southern Mozambique to Algoa Bay, South Africa (Ref. 5578).

Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 25.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 6589)

Short description Identification keys | Morphology | Morphometrics

Small ray with an elongated, narrow disc and a small, narrow caudal fin (Ref. 5578). Plain brown above, white below (Ref. 5578).

Found on the outer shelf and upper slope (Ref. 5578). Life history unknown. Males reaches maturity at ca. 17 cm TL (Ref. 114953).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Reproduction | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvae

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator : Carvalho, Marcelo | Collaborators

Compagno, L.J.V., 1986. Narkidae. p. 113-114. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 6589)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

Near Threatened (NT) (A2d); Date assessed: 01 August 2019

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Other

Human uses

Fisheries: of no interest

FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

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Trophic ecology
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Ecology
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Life cycle
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Distribution
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Anatomy
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Visual pigment(s)
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Internet sources

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 15.2 - 22, mean 18.1 °C (based on 27 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5627 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01000 (0.00244 - 0.04107), b=3.04 (2.81 - 3.27), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref. 93245).

Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 3.2 ±0.3 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives

Resilience (Ref. 120179): Low, minimum population doubling time 4.5 - 14 years (Assuming fecundity<100).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Low vulnerability (15 of 100).

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Heteronarce garmani Regan, 1921