Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecologia
marinhas bentopelágico; intervalo de profundidade 1 - 50 m. Tropical; 27°N - 18°S, 112°W - 70°W
Eastern Pacific: southern tip of Baja California, Mexico to Ecuador.
Tamanho / Peso / Idade
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 38.0 cm FL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 9283); common length : 25.0 cm FL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 9283)
Descrição breve
Chaves de identificação | Morfologia | Morfometria
Body short, deep, and strongly compressed; lower branch of first gill arch with 29 to 34 gill rakers; dorsal fin with 8 spines followed by another spine and 20 to 23 soft rays (VIII+1,20-23); anterior lobes of second dorsal and anal fins very long in adults; anterior dorsal spines greatly prolonged in juveniles; body scaleless; lateral line scutes very weak and poorly differentiated; body golden or silvery with metallic blue highlights; juveniles yellowish, with indistinct, interrupted, dark, transverse bars (Ref. 55763).
Adults are found in shallow coastal waters in small schools near the bottom (Ref. 9283). They feed on small squids, shrimps, polychaetes and small fishes (Ref. 9283). Marketed fresh and salted (Ref. 9283). Depth range assumed (RF).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | Reprodução | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvas
Smith-Vaniz, W.F., 1995. Carangidae. Jureles, pámpanos, cojinúas, zapateros, cocineros, casabes, macarelas, chicharros, jorobados, medregales, pez pilota. p. 940-986. In W. Fischer, F. Krupp, W. Schneider, C. Sommer, K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) Guia FAO para Identification de Especies para lo Fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. 3 Vols. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9283)
Categoria na Lista Vermelha da IUCN (Ref. 130435)
Ameaça para o homem
Harmless
Utilização humana
Pescarias: pouco comercial; peixe desportivo: sim
Ferramentas
Relatórios especiais
Descarregue XML
Fontes da internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 21 - 28.4, mean 26 °C (based on 50 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5039 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01862 (0.01098 - 0.03157), b=2.80 (2.66 - 2.94), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Nível Trófico (Ref.
69278): 3.8 ±0.4 se; based on diet studies.
Resiliência (Ref.
120179): Elevada, tempo mínimo de duplicação da população menor que 15 meses (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (32 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 124 [64, 264] mg/100g; Iron = 1.1 [0.6, 2.4] mg/100g; Protein = 17.1 [14.9, 19.4] %; Omega3 = 0.189 [0.093, 0.392] g/100g; Selenium = 56.5 [27.7, 135.1] μg/100g; VitaminA = 17.7 [4.5, 61.7] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.989 [0.640, 1.569] mg/100g (wet weight);
