分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Cypriniformes (Carps)
鯉形目 (Carps) >
Cobitidae (Spined loaches)
鰍科 (Spined loaches)
Etymology: Cobitis: Greek, kobitis, -idos = a kind of sardine; also related with the voice Greek, kobios, Latin gobius = gudgeon (Ref. 45335).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
; 淡水 底中水層性; 非遷移的 (Ref. 38442). 溫帶; 44°N - 36°N, 9°W - 1°W
Europe: Iberian Peninsula, except in Alagon system (Tagus drainage), northern Ebro and northern Douro drainages. Also found north of the peninsula where it has been locally introduced.
歐洲: 葡萄牙與西班牙。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 6.1, range 6 - 6.4 cm
Max length : 7.0 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 59043); 13.0 cm SL (female); 最大年齡: 5 年 (Ref. 38442)
簡短描述
檢索表 | 型態特徵 | 形態測量圖
Presence of mandibular barbel 4-8 times in HL. Pectoral fin length 4.3-5.4 times in SL in males, 4.3-9.0 times in females. 6-7.5 branched dorsal rays. One lamina circularis.
A short-lived species, secretive in nature (Ref. 38442). Adults inhabit middle and lower reaches, with shallow waters, sandy bottoms and submerged plants (Ref. 11240). During dry periods, they can survive in very small water bodies (Ref. 59043). Feed on invertebrates and plants. Spawn in May to July. Oviparous, with distinct pairing during breeding (Ref. 205). Eggs are small (1.7 mm) and sticky, placed within dense vegetation if available (Ref. 59043). Threatened due to pollution, habitat destruction and the introduction of other species (Ref. 26100).
一種生命期短的種。 成魚棲息於中下游, 藉由淺水域，砂質底部與水下的廠。 (參考文獻 11240) 捕食無脊椎動物與植物。 產卵於五月到七月中。 卵生的, 在繁殖的時候有明顯的成對。 (參考文獻 205) 受到威脅的由於污染，棲息地破壞與其他魚種的引入.(參考文獻 26100)
During courtship, 'the male follows the female and, after both enter dense vegetation (e.g. filamentous algae), the male forms a complete ring around the female's body behind the dorsal as the female releases the eggs' (Ref. 59043).歐洲: 葡萄牙與西班牙。
Kottelat, M. and J. Freyhof, 2007. Handbook of European freshwater fishes. Publications Kottelat, Cornol and Freyhof, Berlin. 646 pp. (Ref. 59043)
人類使用
漁業: 沒有興趣
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00589 (0.00310 - 0.01118), b=3.07 (2.91 - 3.23), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.0 ±0.34 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (tm=1; tmax=4; Fec=281-1,397).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (37 of 100).
