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Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Monodactylidae (Moonyfishes or fingerfishes)
Etymology: Monodactylus: Greek, monos = one + Greek, daktylos = finger (Ref. 45335).
Eponymy: Albertus Seba (1665–1736) was a very wealthy Dutch apothecary, zoologist and natural history collector, who published a lavish series of illustrations depicting, in part, marine life of the Indo-Pacific. [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on author: Cuvier.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
laut; air tawar; payau. Tropical; 24°C - 28°C (Ref. 2060); 16°N - 17°S, 25°W - 14°E
Eastern Atlantic: west African coast, from Cape Verde to Angola (Ref. 81286, 81657), including the Canary Islands (Ref. 7314, 81657) and Senegal (Ref. 28587, 81657).
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / umur
Maturity: Lm 8.0 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 25.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 2683); common length : 15.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 2683)
deskripsi pendek
Kunci identifiaksi (pengenalan) | Morfologi | Morfometrik
Duri punggung (Keseluruhan (total)) : 7 - 8; duri punggung lunak (Keseluruhan (total)) : 32 - 38; Duri dubur: 3; Sirip dubur lunak: 36 - 38. Diagnosis: body very deep (depth greater than body length) and strongly compressed, its anterior profile very steep; head small; eyes large (Ref. 81286, 81657). Mouth small, oblique (Ref. 81286, 81657), maxilla extending beyond level of anterior eye (Ref. 81286). Jaws with villiform teeth; granular teeth present on roof of mouth and tongue (Ref. 81286). Preopercle smooth or with minute serrations; 1st gill arch with 22-27/1/7-11 (total 31-37) gill rakers (Ref. 81657). Dorsal and anal fins triangular (Ref. 81657), long-based and very high anteriorly (Ref. 81286, 81657). Only tip of dorsal fin spines visible (Ref. 81286, 81657). Pectoral fins short; pelvic fins present in young individuals, rudimentary or absent in adults (Ref. 81286). Scales covering all of body, head and bases of dorsal and anal fins (Ref. 81286, 81657). About 50 tubed scales in lateral line (Ref. 81286). Caudal fin slightly emarginated (Ref. 81657).
Coloration: silvery grey/brownish (Ref. 81286, 81657), somewhat darker dorsally (Ref. 81657), with 4 dark brownish-black/soot-coloured vertical bars, more distinct in young individuals (Ref. 81286, 81657) and already fading or almost absent at >50 mm SL (Ref. 81657), 1st at level of eye, 2nd between dorsal- and anal-fin origins, 3rd between tips of these fins, and 4th on caudal peduncle (Ref. 81286, 81657). In adults, dorsal and anal fin tips, basal part of dorsal and anal fins and hind caudal edge blackish; dorsal and anal fin edge and basal part of caudal fin pale; pectoral fins smoky grey to white or even transparent (Ref. 81657).
Very common in estuaries and lagoons (Ref. 2683, 81286, 81657) where reproduction takes place, marshes and lower courses of rivers, sometimes ascending over long distances into freshwater (Ref. 81286, 81657). Also lives in the sea, mainly in shallow bays and harbour areas (Ref. 81286). Sometimes found in shoals composed of several hundred individuals (Ref. 81657). Feeds on fish, shrimps, zooplankton (Ref. 28587, 81657) and various small invertebrates (Ref. 81657). Neither anterolateral glandular groove nor venom gland is present (Ref. 57406). Maximum reported standard length 200 mm (Ref. 81657).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Kematangan | Reproduksi, perkembang biakan | Pemijahan | telur-telur | Fecundity | Larva
Distinct pairing (Ref. 205). After a stormy courtship a female lays 15,000 or more eggs which hatch in 24 hours (Ref. 7020).
Bauchot, M.L., 2003. Monodactylidae. p. 512-513. In D. Paugy, C. Lévêque and G.G Teugels (eds.) The fresh and brackish water fishes of West Africa Volume 2. Coll. faune et flore tropicales 40. Institut de recherche de développement, Paris, France, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, Paris, France and Musée royal de l'Afrique Central, Tervuren, Belgium, 815p. (Ref. 81286)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
ancaman kepada manusia
Harmless
penggunaan manusia
Perikanan: nilai komersial kecil; Akuarium: Komersial
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 24.4 - 27.9, mean 27.2 °C (based on 22 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5781 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.02188 (0.01350 - 0.03546), b=3.02 (2.88 - 3.16), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.9 ±0.64 se; based on food items.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (15 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 167 [87, 313] mg/100g; Iron = 1.38 [0.81, 2.51] mg/100g; Protein = 18.5 [17.4, 19.6] %; Omega3 = 0.196 [0.099, 0.365] g/100g; Selenium = 24.4 [11.0, 53.2] μg/100g; VitaminA = 35 [11, 110] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.35 [0.87, 2.01] mg/100g (wet weight);
