分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Batrachoidiformes (Toadfishes)
蟾魚目 (Toadfishes) >
Batrachoididae (Toadfishes)
蟾魚科 (Toadfishes) > Thalassophryninae
Etymology: Thalassophryne: Greek, thalassa = the sea + Greek , phryne = toad (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Günther.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 礁區魚類; 深度上下限 1 - 200 m (Ref. 9710). 熱帶
Western Central Atlantic: northern coast of South America. The junior synonym, Batrachus uranoscopus, found listed in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species [as Vulnerable B1ab (I,iii) + 2ab (I,iii), based on a 2001assessment] is thus not justified (Ref. 81293).
中西大西洋: 南美洲的北海岸。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 20.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 5217); common length : 12.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 3273)
背的軟條 (總數) : 17 - 20; 臀鰭軟條: 16 - 19.
Inhabits the sandy bottoms of reef flats, lagoons, and seaward reefs (Ref. 9710). Partially buried in mud or sand. Wounds from the venomous spines have caused severe pain and illness that persisted as long as one week (Ref. 13442).
棲息於礁石平臺，潟湖與臨海礁石的砂質底部。 (參考文獻 9710) 身體的一部分埋藏在泥或沙子中。 創傷從有毒的棘曾引起劇烈的痛苦與疾病持續長達一個星期.(參考文獻 13442)
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔魚
中西大西洋: 南美洲的北海岸。
Collette, B.B., 1966. A review of the venomous toadfishes, subfamily Thalassophryninae. Copeia 1966(4):846-864. (Ref. 30721)
人類使用
漁業: 自給性漁業
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 23 - 27.6, mean 26.1 °C (based on 121 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5156 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01148 (0.00439 - 0.03002), b=3.07 (2.85 - 3.29), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.6 ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 54.5 [32.7, 122.1] mg/100g; Iron = 0.604 [0.370, 1.163] mg/100g; Protein = 18.4 [17.2, 19.7] %; Omega3 = 0.225 [0.127, 0.400] g/100g; Selenium = 34.3 [19.5, 67.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 139 [48, 398] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.22 [0.86, 1.68] mg/100g (wet weight);
