分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋; 淡水; 半鹹淡水 底中水層性. 熱帶; 9°N - 13°S, 59°W - 34°W
South America: Atlantic coastal rivers from Guyana to northeastern Brazil.
南美洲: 到巴西東北部的蓋亞那。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 50.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 3265); common length : 30.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 3265); 最大體重: 33.30 g (Ref. 118626)
背棘 (總數) : 1. Three pair of barbels on rostral region, two pairs on lower jaw, one pair on posterior end of maxilla; end of maxilla barbel reaching pectoral fin insertion; large saddle-shaped bony plate with rugosa surface in front of dorsal fin, anterior margin of this plate waved but no deep medial incision; body yellow or gray-yellow dorsally, white ventrally (Ref. 13608).
三對觸鬚在嘴的區域上, 二對在下頜上, 在顎骨的後端上的一對; 顎骨觸鬚的末端達到胸鰭嵌入; 大的鞍狀多骨的碟在背鰭之前有皺摺的表面, 起伏的這一個碟的前緣但是沒有深的中間切口; 身體黃色或灰黃色背面, 腹側白色的.(參考文獻 13608)
Found in turbid waters over muddy bottoms in shallow coastal areas, also around estuaries (Ref. 3265), and coastal rivers (Ref. 39852). Food items include bottom-living invertebrates. Marketed fresh. Exported frozen (Ref. 5217). Reproduction period is probably between September and November. Egg diameter is 9-11 mm. Males practice mouth brooding of the eggs. (Ref. 35381).
發現於了混濁的水域在水淺的沿岸區域中在泥沙底上面, 也河口 (參考文獻 3265) 的周圍, 與沿海的河川.(參考文獻 39852) 食物組成包括底棲無脊椎動物。 在市場上銷售生鮮地了。 輸出了冷凍。 (參考文獻 5217) 繁殖時期可能在九月與十一月之間。 卵徑是 9-11 mm 。 雄性進行口孵卵。 (參考文獻 35381).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔魚
南美洲: 到巴西東北部的蓋亞那。
Taylor, W.R. and N.A. Menezes, 1978. Ariidae. In W. Fischer (ed.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. West Atlantic (Fishing Area 31). volume 1. [pag. var.]. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 3265)
人類使用
漁業: 低經濟
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 26.9 - 28.2, mean 27.5 °C (based on 66 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.6250 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00617 (0.00404 - 0.00942), b=3.11 (2.98 - 3.24), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.37 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Prior r = 0.58, 95% CL = 0.38 - 0.87, Based on 1 data-limited stock assessment.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (40 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 85.4 [43.1, 173.7] mg/100g; Iron = 0.769 [0.461, 1.295] mg/100g; Protein = 16.2 [14.6, 18.1] %; Omega3 = 0.166 [0.089, 0.317] g/100g; Selenium = 67.3 [33.7, 136.1] μg/100g; VitaminA = 29.3 [12.1, 71.0] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.44 [0.97, 2.25] mg/100g (wet weight);
