Ambiente: milieu / zona climatica / distribuzione batimetrica / gamma di distribuzione
Ecologia
marino associati a barriera corallina; distribuzione batimetrica 2 - 50 m (Ref. 7345), usually 2 - 18 m (Ref. 27115). Tropical; 43°N - 27°S, 100°W - 4°W (Ref. 55165)
Western Atlantic: New York, USA and Bermuda to the Gulf of Mexico and Brazil. Eastern Atlantic: Ascension Island (Ref. 7345).
Lunghezza alla prima maturità / Dimensione / Peso / Età
Maturità: Lm ?, range 13 - ? cm
Max length : 39.0 cm TL maschio/sesso non determinato; (Ref. 36453); common length : 25.0 cm TL maschio/sesso non determinato; (Ref. 5217)
Spine dorsali (totale) : 9; Raggi dorsali molli (totale) : 26 - 28; Spine anali: 3; Raggi anali molli: 24 - 26. A deep-bodied surgeonfish (body depth 1.7 in SL) with a conspicuous yellow caudal spine. Has the most distinctive coloration of all western Atlantic surgeonfishes (Ref. 26938).
Body shape (shape guide): short and / or deep.
Inhabits coral reefs, inshore grassy or rocky areas. Forms small groups (Ref. 26235). Mainly diurnal. Feeds entirely on algae (Ref. 5521). At Fernando de Noronha Archipelago in southwestern Atlantic, juveniles hold cleaning stations together with the doctorfish (Acanthurus chirurgus) and sergeant major (Abudefduf saxatilis) and graze algae as well as pick molted skin and parasites from green turtles (Chelonia mydas). This behavior is preceded by a characteristic inspection usually followed by feeding nips on the turtles’ skin (head, limbs, and tail), as well as on the carapace. The most inspected and cleaned body parts are the flippers (Ref. 51385). Diurnal species (Ref. 3194). It forms resident spawning aggregations in late afternoon after high tide (Ref. 27825, 120681, 120682). The spine on both sides of the caudal peduncle may inflict painful wounds (Ref. 5217). Marketed fresh. Maximum depth reported taken from Ref. 127989.
Ciclo vitale e comportamento di accoppiamento
Maturità | Riproduzione | Deposizione | Uova | Fecondità | Larve
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
Stato della Lista Rossa IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Minaccia per l'uomo
Traumatogenic (Ref. 4690)
Usi umani
Pesca: scarso interesse commerciale; Acquario: Commerciale; esca: occasionally
Strumenti
Rapporti speciali
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Fonti Internet
Stime basate su modelli
Temperatura preferita (Fonte Biblio.
123201): 23.7 - 28.1, mean 27.4 °C (based on 783 cells).
Indice di diversità filogenetica (Fonte Biblio.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.02570 (0.01565 - 0.04223), b=2.96 (2.82 - 3.10), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Livello trofico (Fonte Biblio.
69278): 2.2 ±0.00 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 9.8 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
Resilienza (Fonte Biblio.
120179): Medio, tempo minimo di raddoppiamento della popolazione 1.4 - 4.4 anni (K=0.11-0.50).
Vulnerabilità della pesca (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (59 of 100).
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Nutrienti (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 53.4 [22.4, 151.6] mg/100g; Iron = 0.729 [0.281, 1.754] mg/100g; Protein = 18.3 [17.0, 19.5] %; Omega3 = 0.102 [0.047, 0.213] g/100g; Selenium = 19.2 [6.8, 55.4] μg/100g; VitaminA = 36.2 [8.8, 136.0] μg/100g; Zinc = 2.59 [0.82, 4.74] mg/100g (wet weight);