分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Acanthuriformes (Surgeonfishes)
鱸形目 (Surgeonfishes) >
Acanthuridae (Surgeonfishes, tangs, unicornfishes)
刺尾魚科 (Surgeonfishes, tangs, unicornfishes) > Acanthurinae
Etymology: Acanthurus: Greek, akantha = thorn + Greek, oura = tail (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Bloch.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 礁區魚類; 深度上下限 2 - 25 m (Ref. 7345), usually 2 - 15 m (Ref. 27115). 亞熱帶的; 22°C - 25°C (Ref. 27115); 43°N - 30°S, 98°W - 14°W (Ref. 55164)
Western Atlantic: Massachusetts (USA), Bermuda, and the northern Gulf of Mexico to São Paulo, Brazil. Eastern Atlantic: Senegal.
西大西洋: 麻薩諸塞州 (美國) ，百慕達群島, 與墨西哥灣北部到聖保羅巴西。 東大西洋: 塞內加爾。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ?, range 17 - ? cm
Max length : 39.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 47377); common length : 35.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 5217); 最大體重: 5.1 kg (Ref. 40637)
背棘 (總數) : 9; 背的軟條 (總數) : 24 - 25; 臀棘: 3; 臀鰭軟條: 22 - 23. Caudal fin slightly emarginate (Ref. 13442). Body gray, with 10 well-spaced, narrow, darker gray vertical bars on side (Ref. 26938).
尾鰭邊緣微凹.(參考文獻 13442) 身體灰色, 具有 10 有些間隔, 在側邊上的狹窄又深灰色縱帶.(參考文獻 26938)
Inhabits shallow reefs or rocky areas. Found in loose aggregations (Ref. 9710). Mainly diurnal. Ingests sand when feeding on algae (Ref. 13442). The spine on both sides of the caudal peduncle may inflict painful wounds (Ref. 5217). Minimum depth reported from Ref. 27115. Larvae are planktonic (Ref. 47377). At Fernando de Noronha Archipelago in southwestern Atlantic, juveniles hold cleaning stations together with the blue tang (Acanthurus coeruleus) and sergeant major (Abudefduf saxatilis) and graze algae as well as pick molted skin and parasites from green turtles (Chelonia mydas). This behavior is preceded by a characteristic inspection usually followed by feeding nips on the turtles’ skin (head, limbs, and tail), as well as on the carapace. The most inspected and cleaned body parts are the flippers (Ref. 51385).
棲息於淺水礁區或岩石區。 發現於鬆散的魚群了。 (參考文獻 9710) 主要日行性。 攝取沙子當捕食藻類。 (參考文獻 13442) 在尾梗的兩邊上的棘可能施放令人痛苦的創傷。 (參考文獻 5217) 最小深度記錄自了參考文獻 27115. 仔魚是浮游性。 (參考文獻 47377) 在西南方的大西洋的 Fernando de Noronha 列島，稚魚支撐 , 清潔的區域伴隨著藍色的強烈味道 ( 藍刺尾魚〔Acanthurus coeruleus〕 ) 與魚少校 ( 岩豆娘魚〔Abudefduf saxatilis〕 ) 而且啃食藻類以及剔啄脫皮來自綠海龜 ( Chelonia mydas) 的皮膚與寄生蟲. 這行為進行通常被跟隨著的一個特殊的檢查咬食海龜的皮膚 (頭部，肢翼與尾部), 以及甲殼。 最檢查而且清理身體部份是鰭狀肢.(參考文獻 51385)
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔魚
西大西洋: 麻薩諸塞州 (美國) ，百慕達群島, 與墨西哥灣北部到聖保羅巴西。 東大西洋: 塞內加爾。
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
人類使用
漁業: 低經濟; 水族館: 商業性
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 26.1 - 28, mean 27.4 °C (based on 769 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.02188 (0.01789 - 0.02676), b=2.95 (2.91 - 2.99), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 2.1 ±0.1 se; based on diet studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.25-0.50).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (23 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 39.8 [15.6, 133.0] mg/100g; Iron = 0.822 [0.286, 2.182] mg/100g; Protein = 19.1 [17.8, 20.4] %; Omega3 = 0.146 [0.063, 0.347] g/100g; Selenium = 8.83 [2.71, 27.87] μg/100g; VitaminA = 17.5 [3.7, 82.5] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.78 [0.55, 3.61] mg/100g (wet weight);
