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> Perciformes/Serranoidei (Groupers) > Epinephelidae (Groupers)
Etymology:

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ekologi

marina bottenlevande; djupintervall 90 - 220 m (Ref. 5222). Subtropical; 37°N - 16°S, 19°W - 37°E (Ref. 5222)

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Eastern Atlantic: Mediterranean to southern Angola.

Size / Vikt / Age

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 125 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 111103); publicerad maxvikt: 25.0 kg (Ref. 5222)

Short description Bestämningsnycklar | Morfologi | Morfometri

Taggstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 11; Mjukstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 14 - 15; Taggstrålar i analfenan: 3; Mjukstrålar i analfenan: 9. Distinguished by the following characteristics: dark brown head and body color; soft dorsal, caudal and anal fins blackish distally, basal part lighter; white edge on caudal and pectoral fins; blackish pelvic fins; black streak on cheek at the upper edge of maxilla; depth of body contained 2.4-2.8 times in SL; head length 2.2-2.4 times in SL; convex interorbital area; subangular preopercle, with enlarged serrae at the angle, lower edge with 1-6 small serrae; posterior nostrils 2-3 times larger than anterior nostrils; maxilla naked, not reaching posterior to eye; 2 rows of teeth on midlateral part of lower jaw, inner teeth distinctly larger than outer teeth (Ref. 89707).

Deep-water species. Occurs on mud, sand, or rocky bottoms (Ref. 89707).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Reproduktion | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larver

Main reference Upload your references | referenser | Koordinator | Medarbetare

Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall, 1993. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(16):382 p. (Ref. 5222)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 17 November 2016

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Harmless

Human uses

Fiskeri: mindre kommeriell

FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 14.2 - 17.1, mean 15.6 °C (based on 37 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5001 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01148 (0.00653 - 0.02018), b=3.05 (2.91 - 3.19), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245).

Trofisk nivå (Ref. 69278): 4.0 ±0.7 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives

Resiliens (Ref. 120179): Mycket låg, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid mer än 14 år (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): High to very high vulnerability (75 of 100).

Price category (Ref. 80766): Very high.

Hyporthodus haifensis (Ben-Tuvia, 1953)