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Tetraodontiformes (Puffers and filefishes) >
Ostraciidae (Boxfishes)
Etymology: Acanthostracion: Greek, akantha = thorn + Greek, ostrakon = shell (Ref. 45335); quadricornis: Specific name refers to the 2 pairs of horns ('quadricornis' = 4 horns), in front of the eyes and a second pair at the lower rear corners of the cuirass.
More on author: Linnaeus.
محیط زیست: محیط زیست / منطقه آب و هوایی / تغييرات عمق / محدوده توزیع
بوم شناسي
دريايي وابسته به آب سنگ; تغييرات عمق 1 - 80 m (Ref. 26938), usually 10 - 30 m (Ref. 40849). Subtropical; 43°N - 39°S, 100°W - 26°E
Atlantic Ocean: in tropical and temperate waters (Ref. 3696). Western Atlantic: Massachusetts (USA), Bermuda, and northern Gulf of Mexico to southeastern Brazil. Reported from tip of South Africa.
طول در اولین بلوغ / اندازه / وزن / سن
بلوغ: Lm 22.2, range 17 - ? cm
Max length : 55.0 cm TL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 6937); common length : 20.0 cm TL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 3696)
خارهاي باله پشتي (کل) : 0; شعاع نرم باله پشتي (کل) : 10; خارهاي باله مخرجي: 0; شعاع نرم باله مخرجي: 10. Dark markings on head and body; parallel bands on cheek. Pair of prominent spines projecting from in front of eyes suggests cow horns. Second pair of spines at lower rear corners of cuirass (Ref. 26938). Body deep, covered with hexagonal dermal plates (Ref. 37521).
Body shape (shape guide): short and / or deep.
Found in shallow water down to about 80 m, mainly in seagrass beds (Ref. 3696). Feeds on sessile invertebrates such as tunicates, gorgonians and anemones, as well as on slow-moving crustaceans, sponges (Ref. 3696), hermit crabs and marine plants (Ref. 13442). Oviparous (Ref. 205). Considered an excellent food fish; marketed fresh (Ref. 3696).
Smith, M.M., 1986. Ostraciidae. p. 890-893. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 3141)
وضعيت در فهرست قرمز IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
خطر برای انسان ها
Reports of ciguatera poisoning (Ref. 30303)
استفاده انسانی
ماهي گيري – شيلات: ارزش تحاري اندك; آكواريوم: تجاري
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منابع اينترنتي
تخمینها بر اساس مدلها
دمای ترجیحی (مرجع
123201): 22.3 - 28, mean 25.4 °C (based on 458 cells).
شاخص تنوع فیلوژنتیکی (مرجع
82804): PD
50 = 0.5625 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.04169 (0.02492 - 0.06973), b=2.69 (2.54 - 2.84), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
سطح تروفیک (مرجع
69278): 2.7 ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
جهندگی (مرجع
120179): زياد, كمينه زمان لازم براي دو برابر شدن جمعيت ، كمتر از 15 ماه (Fec = 112,536).
آسیبپذیری ماهیگیری (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (42 of 100).
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مواد مغذی (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 22.3 [9.0, 63.2] mg/100g; Iron = 0.615 [0.308, 1.471] mg/100g; Protein = 18.8 [16.5, 21.0] %; Omega3 = 0.153 [0.077, 0.296] g/100g; Selenium = 24 [10, 55] μg/100g; VitaminA = 18.4 [4.2, 81.7] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.73 [0.46, 1.17] mg/100g (wet weight);