Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
البيئة
بحري قاعية التغذية و المعيشة; نطاق العمق 1655 - 5397 m (Ref. 58018). Deep-water; 40°N - 57°S, 77°W - 164°W
Atlantic, Indian and Pacific: in subtropical and temperate waters (Ref. 50895). In the Indian Ocean known localities include the Madagascar Ridge (Ref. 51654) and the West Australian Ridge, Naturalist Plateau.
Length at first maturity / الحجم / وزن / العمر
Maturity: Lm ?, range 12 - ? cm
Max length : 15.2 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 41039)
الأشواك الظهرية (المجموع) : 0; الأشعة الظهرية الناعمة (المجموع) : 11; شوكة شرجية: 1; أشعه شرجية لينه: 9 - 10. Body scales are spiny (Ref. 37108). Body elongated, almost cylindrical, somewhat compressed (Ref. 10920). The snout protrudes forward above upper jaw, its length 3.4-4.4 times in head length, eyes fairly small, upper jaw extends beyond the posterior border of the eye. Dorsal and anal fins are opposite one another (Ref. 10920).
Adults probably benthopelagic (Ref. 51654). Larvae taken at 30 m (Ref. 51654). Benthic crabs Malacostraca were found in the stomachs of 3 specimens SL 8.5-9 cm from Madagascar Ridge (Ref. 10920).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | التكاثر | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvae
Maul, G.E., 1990. Stephanoberycidae. p. 611. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 6535)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
استخدامات بشرية
أدوات
تقارير خاصة
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مصادر علي الأنترنت
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 1.4 - 3.2, mean 2 °C (based on 3882 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0625 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01122 (0.00514 - 0.02450), b=3.04 (2.87 - 3.21), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref.
93245).
مستوى غذائي (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.60 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 2.7 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
المرونه (Ref.
120179): وسيط, الحد الزمني الأدني لتضاعف عدد أفراد المجتمع 1.4-4.4 سنة (Assuming tmax > 3; K=0.41).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (29 of 100).
