Elasmobranchii
板鰓亞綱 (鯊魚與魟魚) (sharks and rays) >
Rhinopristiformes (Shovelnose rays) >
Pristidae (Sawfishes)
鋸鰩科 (Sawfishes)
Etymology: Pristis: Greek, pristis = saw (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.
Issue
This species was not reported since the 19th century in the Mediterranean Sea. An award will be granted by the CIESM to any documented, reliable / verifiable evidence (published paper / Ph.D thesis / photo) reporting the species after that date (Ref. 116564).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋; 淡水; 半鹹淡水 居於水底的; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 25 - ? m (Ref. 114953). 亞熱帶的; 35°N - 40°S, 120°W - 160°E (Ref. 114953)
Circumglobally in tropical and subtropical waters, entering estuaries and littoral lagoons and ascending river courses (Ref. 81284, 81624). Western Atlantic: Florida and Louisiana, USA to Brazil (Ref. 7251); eastern Atlantic: Portugal to Angola, including the western Mediterranean Sea (Ref. 4429; no report since the 19th century [Ref. 116564] ); western Pacific: northern Australia, from western Australia to Queensland (Ref. 7300); eastern Pacific: Gulf of California to Ecuador (Ref. 4429). In freshwater it can be found in rivers of West Africa (Ref. 81284), Ogowe River (Ref. 81284) and the Congo River estuary (Ref. 377, 81284).
西太平洋: 澳洲北部, 從澳洲西部到昆士蘭省.(參考文獻 7300) 東太平洋: 加州灣到厄瓜多。 西大西洋: 佛羅里達與美國路易斯安那州到巴西.(參考文獻 7251) 東大西洋: 葡萄牙到安哥拉, 包括地中海西部。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 300.0, range 300 - 300 cm
Max length : 750 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 57708); common length : 250 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 4429); 最大年齡: 30 年 (Ref. 57533)
Diagnosis: Rostral blade with 20 or fewer pairs of rostral spines (Ref. 81624).
A euryhaline species (Ref. 57533). Inhabits inshore coastal waters to moderate depth, also around off lying islands. Found also in estuaries, lagoons, river mouths, and even freshwater. Feeds on fishes and bottom-living animals. Ovoviviparous. Apparently can reproduce in freshwater (Ref. 57533). Freshwater populations occur to about 750 km up Amazon River; populations in Lake Nicaragua may be non-migratory (Ref. 7251). Reaches sexual maturity at 8-10 years and females have litters of approximately 1-13 pups. Young spend much of their early life in rivers up to 400 km from the sea (Ref. 114953).
棲息於近海沿岸水域到中等深度, 也外海的橫臥島周圍。 也發現於河口，潟湖，河口了, 甚至淡水。 吃魚與底棲生物動物。 卵胎生的。 淡水的族群出現到大約 750個公里上游亞馬遜河; 在湖尼加拉瓜的族群可能是非迴游性。 (參考文獻 7251)
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔魚
Ovoviviparous, embryos feed solely on yolk (Ref. 50449).西太平洋: 澳洲北部, 從澳洲西部到昆士蘭省.(參考文獻 7300) 東太平洋: 加州灣到厄瓜多。 西大西洋: 佛羅里達與美國路易斯安那州到巴西.(參考文獻 7251) 東大西洋: 葡萄牙到安哥拉, 包括地中海西部。
Stehmann, M., 1990. Pristidae. p. 51-54. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 1. (Ref. 4429)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)
極危 (CR) (A2cd); Date assessed: 02 February 2022
人類使用
漁業: 低經濟
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 20.1 - 29.1, mean 27.8 °C (based on 1796 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5234 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00501 (0.00198 - 0.01270), b=3.05 (2.83 - 3.27), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 4.0 ±0.60 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (tmax=44; Fec=1-20;).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (79 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 8.73 [1.69, 40.68] mg/100g; Iron = 0.523 [0.130, 1.505] mg/100g; Protein = 20.3 [18.1, 22.3] %; Omega3 = 0.173 [0.070, 0.432] g/100g; Selenium = 37 [10, 113] μg/100g; VitaminA = 2.11 [0.72, 6.06] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.367 [0.179, 0.703] mg/100g (wet weight);
