分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Osteoglossiformes (Bony tongues)
骨舌魚目 (Bony tongues) >
Mormyridae (Elephantfishes)
象鼻魚科 (Elephantfishes)
Etymology: Mormyrus: Greek, mormyros = a fish (Sparus sp) (Ref. 45335).
Issue
Records of Tana and Athi systems are dubious and probably refer to different species; status of North Ewaso Nyiro populations uncertain and needs further study (Ref. 52331).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / 深度上下限 / distribution range
生態學
; 淡水 居於水底的; 深度上下限 0 - 70 m (Ref. 34291), usually 0 - 50 m (Ref. 34291). 熱帶; 22°C - 26°C (Ref. 2059)
Africa: known from Lower Nile up to Lake Victoria basin (Ref. 1878), including Baro system in Ethiopia (Ref. 54860). Present in Lakes Victoria, Kyoga, Albert, Edward and George, the Victoria and Murchison Nile (Ref. 34290), and Middle Akagera system (Ref. 46152). Also known from Lake Turkana basin and Northern Ewaso Nyiro (Ref. 52331).
非洲: 維多利亞湖， Kyoga 湖，艾伯特湖，愛德華湖與喬治湖; 也從尼羅河, 包括白尼羅河與黑尼羅河, 可能在 Athi 河 (肯亞) 中.
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
成熟度: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 100.0 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 34290); common length : 60.0 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 34290)
簡短描述
檢索表 | 型態特徵 | 形態測量圖
背棘 (總數) : 0; 背的軟條 (總數) : 55 - 75; 臀棘: 0; 臀鰭軟條: 17 - 22. Diagnosis: snout long, about equal to the post-ocular length of the head (Ref. 28714), produced into a stout trunk whose thickness and angle to the face are variable (Ref. 34290). Dorsal fin very long, more than twice the anal fin length, with less than 75 rays, its origin above or slightly in front of the insertion of the pelvic fins (Ref. 4903, 28714).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal.
頭部背面輪廓筆直地或略微彎曲了, 非常傾斜的。 吻伸展到了一個矮胖的軀幹 , 厚度與角到面是可變的。 唇厚的。 眼小的。 暗青銅色的背面, 腹部顏色較淡.(參考文獻 34290)
Solitary, nocturnal species (Ref. 28714). In Lake Victoria in both coastal and offshore waters (Ref. 4903). May spawn in the main lake, perhaps in deep water over rocks (Ref. 52083). In Lake Kyoga in open water rather than weedy areas (Ref. 55624). Bottom feeder; small fishes eat lithophilic insects; adults almost exclusively insectivorous; chironomids dominate in the diet (Ref. 12526). Oviparous (Ref. 205).
獨居性又夜行的種。 吃底棲的動物, 與寶刀魚仔魚作為一個主要的食物.(參考文獻 28714)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
非洲: 維多利亞湖， Kyoga 湖，艾伯特湖，愛德華湖與喬治湖; 也從尼羅河, 包括白尼羅河與黑尼羅河, 可能在 Athi 河 (肯亞) 中.
Gosse, J.-P., 1984. Mormyridae. p. 63-122. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ORSTOM, Paris and MRAC, Tervuren. Vol. 1. (Ref. 3203)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 15 December 2015
人類使用
漁業: 商業性; 水族館: 商業性
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (參考文獻
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01072 (0.00686 - 0.01674), b=2.90 (2.77 - 3.03), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (參考文獻
69278): 3.2 ±0.40 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 7.8 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
回復力 (參考文獻
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Fec = 1,393).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (59 of 100).
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