>
Scombriformes (Mackerels) >
Gempylidae (Snake mackerels)
Etymology: Tongaichthys: From the Tonga island in the Pacific ocean + Greek, ichthys = fish.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecologie
marien bathypelagisch; diepte 288 - 312 m (Ref. 6181). Deep-water; 12°S - 27°S, 144°E - 174°W (Ref. 6181)
Pacific Ocean: Several specimens (38 individuals) were reported from the Tonga Ridge; around Fiji; 1 specimen from off Flinders Reef, Queensland (17°33'S, 149°46'E, CSIRO no. H1185-01).
Grootte / Gewicht / Leeftijd
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 30.0 cm SL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 9784)
Dorsale stekels (totaal) : 16 - 17; Dorsale zachte stralen (totaal) : 14 - 17; Anale stekels: 1; Anale zachte stralen: 14 - 16; Wervels: 33. Head relatively large. Scales on cheeks enlarged, elongate and slightly overlapping. Color is dark brown above, slightly paler below.
Probably mesopelagic or mesobenthopelagic (Ref. 6181).
Levenscyclus en paargedrag
Maturities | Voortplanting | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larven
Nakamura, I. and N.V. Parin, 1993. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 15. Snake mackerels and cutlassfishes of the world (families Gempylidae and Trichiuridae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the snake mackerels, snoeks, escolars, gemfishes, sackfishes, domine, oilfish, cutlassfishes,. scabbardfishes, hairtails, and frostfishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(15):136 p. (Ref. 6181)
Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 130435)
Gevaar voor de mens
Harmless
Gebruik door de mens
Tools
Speciale rapporten
Download XML
Internetbronnen
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 4.6 - 9.4, mean 6.1 °C (based on 78 cells).
Fylogenetische diversiteitsindex (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01023 (0.00426 - 0.02456), b=3.00 (2.80 - 3.20), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trofisch niveau (Ref.
69278): 3.9 ±0.6 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Weerstandsvermogen (Ref.
120179): Gemiddeld, minimale populatieverdubbelingstijd 1,4-4,4 jaar (Assuming tmax>3).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (27 of 100).