分类 / Names
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Teleostei >
Scombriformes (Mackerels) >
Gempylidae (Snake mackerels)
Etymology: Paradiplospinus: Greek, para = the side of + Greek, diploos = double + Latin, spina, pinna = thron (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Andriashev.
Issue
Validity of species questionnable for some authors, but no recent publications.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 深海区的; 深度上下限 0 - 2830 m (Ref. 6181). 深水域; 31°S - 79°S, 180°W - 180°E (Ref. 6181)
Southern Ocean: circumpolar. In the belief that there was only a single species of Paradiplospinus, many authors used the name Paradiplospinus gracilis as including Paradiplospinus antarcticus.
南極海: 極地附近。 那只有一個 Paradiplospinus 的種相信, 以名稱 Paradiplospinusgracilis 作為的許多作家包括 南極副雙棘蛇鯖〔Paradiplospinus antarcticus〕 .
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 52.0 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 6181); common length : 35.0 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 6181)
背棘 (总数) : 36 - 39; 背的软条 (总数) : 24 - 34; 臀棘: 2; 臀鳍软条: 25 - 31; 脊椎骨: 64 - 67. Body is extremely elongate. Mouth with fang-like teeth, 3-6 fangs anteriorly in upper jaw and 1 fang on each side of the lower jaw. Pyloric caeca 6. Color is silvery white without any conspicuous marks except 40 - 50 narrow longitudinal lines of pale melanophores; the dorsal-fin base, opercular region and caudal-fin origin dark brownish.
身体非常细长。 在下面颌的两边上的上颌与 1个尖牙中前面地嘴部具有尖牙状的齿， 3-6个尖牙。 幽门盲囊 6. 色彩是银白色没有任何的显着标志除了 40之外 - 灰白黑色素细胞的 50条狭窄纵向线; 背鳍基底，鳃盖区域与臀鳍起点深褐色的。
Adults and subadults epipelagic to mesopelagic, or mesobenthopelagic at shelves and slopes from surface to 830 m (temp. 0° to 4°C). Larvae and juveniles, probably mesopelagic to bathypelagic, down to 2,830 m depth (Ref. 5084). Feeds on krill, squid and fishes (predominantly myctophids). Larval and juvenile specimens mostly obtained between southern land masses and the Antarctic continent.
成鱼与亚成鱼表层带到海洋中层带的鱼种, 或中层大洋底栖性鱼种在来自表面到的架与斜坡 830 公尺.(温度对 4 °C 的 0个 °) 仔鱼与稚鱼, 可能海洋中层带到底栖大洋性, 向下至 2,830 公尺深。 (参考文献 5084) 吃磷虾，乌贼与鱼。 (主要灯笼鱼科鱼类) 幼虫与幼年的标本大部份在南方的大陆区块与南极圈大陆之间获得。
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔鱼
南極海: 極地附近。 那只有一個 Paradiplospinus 的種相信, 以名稱 Paradiplospinusgracilis 作為的許多作家包括 南極副雙棘蛇鯖〔Paradiplospinus antarcticus〕 .
Nakamura, I. and N.V. Parin, 1993. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 15. Snake mackerels and cutlassfishes of the world (families Gempylidae and Trichiuridae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the snake mackerels, snoeks, escolars, gemfishes, sackfishes, domine, oilfish, cutlassfishes,. scabbardfishes, hairtails, and frostfishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(15):136 p. (Ref. 6181)
人类利用
渔业: 没有兴趣
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 0.8 - 7.8, mean 3.5 °C (based on 694 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00363 (0.00163 - 0.00807), b=3.10 (2.91 - 3.29), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 4.1 ±0.53 se; based on food items.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (45 of 100).
