分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria)
鱸形目 (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Sciaenidae (Drums or croakers)
石首魚科 (Drums or croakers)
Etymology: More on author: Gilbert.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 礁區魚類. 熱帶; 32°N -
Eastern Pacific: throughout Gulf of California south to Peru. Recorded in the Galapagos Islands during the 1982-83 El Niño (Ref. 9405).
東太平洋: 在加州灣各處南至祕魯。 在這 1982-83個聖嬰現象的時候在加拉巴哥群島中記錄。 (參考文獻 9405)
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 25.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 9118); common length : 20.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 9118)
簡短描述
檢索表 | 型態特徵 | 形態測量圖
Body elongate, moderately compressed, and deep, with a strongly arched dorsal profile; snout prominent; mouth small and sub-terminal; lower jaw enclosed by upper; chin with 5 pores but without barbels; edge of preopercle slightly serrate; lower branch of first gill arch with 6 gill rakers; second dorsal fin very long, with 32 to 33 soft rays; body uniformly dark, from purplish bronze to grayish brown; fins dark or blackish (Ref. 55763).
細長的身體, 中等側扁﹐且深, 具有一個強烈弓形的背面輪廓; 吻突出的; 嘴小而次端位; 下頜隔絕上面的; 下巴 5 孔但是沒有觸鬚; 前鰓蓋骨的邊緣些微鋸齒狀; 低分支第一個鰓弓有 6個鰓耙; 第二背鰭鰭非常長的, 藉由 32 到 33個軟鰭條; 身體全黑色, 從帶紫色的青銅色到淺灰褐色; 鰭深色或黑色的.(參考文獻 55763)
Adults are secretive nocturnal fish that hide under ledges by day and come out only at night to feed on the epifauna of the substrate. The adults sometimes form large inactive aggregations in caves, but little or no feeding occurs. Schools of juveniles appear only in the summer.
成魚是覓食底部的底面層動物的白天躲藏在岩架下而且出來只有在晚上的躲躲藏藏的夜行魚。 成魚有時形成在洞穴中的大不活躍的群集，但是少或沒有進食出現。 稚魚的魚群出現只在夏天中。
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔魚
東太平洋: 在加州灣各處南至祕魯。 在這 1982-83個聖嬰現象的時候在加拉巴哥群島中記錄。 (參考文獻 9405)
Chao, L.N., 1995. Sciaenidae. Corvinas, barbiches, bombaches, corvinatas, corvinetas, corvinillas, lambes, pescadillas, roncachos, verrugatos. p. 1427-1518. In W. Fischer, F. Krupp, W. Schneider, C. Sommer, K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) Guia FAO para identificacion de especies para los fines de la pesca. Pacifico Centro-oriental. 3 volumes. 1813 p. (Ref. 9118)
人類使用
漁業: 低經濟; 水族館: 公眾的水族館
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 20.6 - 29.1, mean 25.1 °C (based on 236 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5078 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00851 (0.00413 - 0.01752), b=3.08 (2.91 - 3.25), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.37 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增時間少於 15個月 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (15 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 70.8 [36.4, 114.2] mg/100g; Iron = 0.672 [0.340, 1.125] mg/100g; Protein = 19.5 [18.2, 20.9] %; Omega3 = 0.154 [0.084, 0.231] g/100g; Selenium = 35.3 [21.3, 64.1] μg/100g; VitaminA = 81.1 [27.7, 265.5] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.3 [0.9, 1.8] mg/100g (wet weight);
