分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 礁区鱼类; 深度上下限 10 - 70 m (Ref. 5222). 熱帶; 33°N - 4°S, 115°W - 77°W (Ref. 5222)
Eastern Pacific: Gulf of California to Peru, including the Revillagigedo, Galapagos, Clipperton, Cocos, and Malpelo islands.
東太平洋: 加州灣到祕魯, 包括雷維拉吉哥多島，加拉巴哥島，克利珀頓島，可可島與 Malpelo 島。
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 35.6 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 5592)
背棘 (总数) : 9; 背的软条 (总数) : 18 - 21; 臀棘: 3; 臀鳍软条: 9 - 11. Distinguished by the following characteristics: reddish or reddish grey body color with 2-3 bright blue or violet spots on dorsal part of body and another 2 on midlateral part of caudal peduncle; pectoral-fin axil with bright blue spot; dorsal fin base darker, fin margin reddish green; depth of body contained 2.9-3.4 times in SL; head length 3.2-4.0 times in SL; convex interorbital area; subangular preopercle with shallow notch, vertical edge and rear half of lower edge finely serrate; subequal posterior and anterior nostrils (Ref. 89707).
Found typically in small aggregations well above the reef, but will retreat to the reef at the approach of danger. Feeds mainly on small planktonic animals picked individually from the water, made possible by their shortened snout which facilitates close-range binocular vision. Excellent source of bait (Ref. 9342).
发现典型地形成小群鱼群在相当上面距离礁, 但是将在危险接近时撤退到礁。 主要吃个别地被挑选的小浮游性动物从水中, 藉着促进近距离双眼的视野的他们的被变短的吻制造可能。 诱饵的优良来源.(参考文献 9342)
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔鱼
東太平洋: 加州灣到祕魯, 包括雷維拉吉哥多島，加拉巴哥島，克利珀頓島，可可島與 Malpelo 島。
Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall, 1993. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(16):382 p. (Ref. 5222)
人类利用
渔业: 自给性渔业; 诱饵: usually
工具
特别资料
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网络资源
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 18.5 - 28.9, mean 25.9 °C (based on 76 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01148 (0.00531 - 0.02484), b=3.04 (2.87 - 3.21), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.8 ±0.59 se; based on food items.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (26 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 43.8 [26.8, 78.1] mg/100g; Iron = 0.609 [0.338, 0.991] mg/100g; Protein = 18.3 [16.5, 19.9] %; Omega3 = 0.153 [0.102, 0.231] g/100g; Selenium = 31.5 [19.3, 56.5] μg/100g; VitaminA = 160 [59, 493] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.06 [0.74, 1.50] mg/100g (wet weight);
