Umwelt: Milieu / Klimazone / Tiefenbereich / Verbreitungsgebiet
Ökologie
seewasser riff-verbunden; standorttreu (Ref. 52884); tiefenbereich 4 - 30 m (Ref. 5227). Tropical; 28°N -
Eastern Pacific: Gulf of California to Peru, including the Galapagos Islands.
Größe / Gewicht / Alter
Geschlechtsreife: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 35.6 cm TL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 5592); common length : 15.0 cm TL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 55763)
Body shape (shape guide): short and / or deep; Cross section: compressed.
Diurnal grazers on sessile invertebrates and algae but specializes to a larger extent on sponges. They also feed on plankton. Reproduction occurs in late summer. Females are more territorial and form pair bonds with the males. Oviparous (Ref. 240). Monogamous and always in home-ranging pairs, that is they do not defend an exclusive territory (Ref. 52884). Sometimes forms mixed aggregations with Pomacanthus zonipectus (Ref. 9333). Cleaning behavior has been observed in juveniles.
Lebenszyklus und Paarungsverhalten
Geschlechtsreife | Fortpflanzung | Ablaichen | Eier | Fruchtbarkeit | Larven
Spawn daily throughout the lunar cycle (Ref. 240). Protogyny has been proposed for this species awaiting confirmation (Ref. 103751). Monogamous mating is observed as both facultative and social (Ref. 52884).
Thomson, D.A., 1987. Reef fishes of the Sea of Cortez. The rocky-shore fishes of the Gulf of California. The University of Arizona Press, Tucson. 302 p. (Ref. 5592)
IUCN Rote Liste Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Bedrohung für Menschen
Harmless
Nutzung durch Menschen
Fischereien: kommerziell; Aquarium: Kommerziell
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Schätzungen auf der Grundlage von Modellen
Bevorzugte Temperatur (Ref.
123201): 22.9 - 29.1, mean 27 °C (based on 211 cells).
Phylogenetischer Diversitätsindex (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5078 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.02818 (0.01439 - 0.05521), b=2.92 (2.75 - 3.09), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Trophische Ebene (Ref.
69278): 2.6 ±0.33 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 8.7 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
Widerstandsfähigkeit (Ref.
120179): niedrig, Verdopplung der Population dauert 4,5 - 14 Jahre. (K=0.1;).
Anfälligkeit der Fischerei (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (54 of 100).
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Nährstoffe (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 44.8 [22.2, 76.4] mg/100g; Iron = 0.524 [0.313, 0.874] mg/100g; Protein = 18.2 [16.9, 19.4] %; Omega3 = 0.0876 [, ] g/100g; Selenium = 30.6 [16.1, 58.5] μg/100g; VitaminA = 65 [15, 248] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.4 [1.0, 2.0] mg/100g (wet weight);