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Brotula clarkae Hubbs, 1944

Pacific bearded brotula
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Brotula clarkae   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Brotula clarkae (Pacific bearded brotula)
Brotula clarkae
Picture by Robertson, R.

Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes(genus, species) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Teleostei (teleosts) > Ophidiiformes (Cusk eels) > Ophidiidae (Cusk-eels) > Brotulinae
Etymology: Brotula: Latin, brotula, -ae = little, bud, shoot (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Hubbs.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Marine; benthopelagic; depth range ? - 650 m (Ref. 34024), usually 40 - 75 m (Ref. 36413). Tropical; 25°N - 6°S

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri

Eastern Central Pacific: Gulf of California to Peru.

Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: Lm 75.4  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 115 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 55763); common length : 45.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 55763)

Short description Identification keys | Morphology | Morphometrics

Dorsal spines (total): 0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 108 - 118; Anal spines: 0; Anal soft rays: 78 - 89; Vertebrae: 55 - 56. Body completely covered with small, imbricate, cycloid scales; barbels present on snout (6) and chin (6); branchiostegal rays 8; median basibranchial tooth patch absent; developed gill rakers on first arch 4 or fewer; pelvic fin rays inserted at about level of preopercle, well behind eye (Ref. 34024).

Biology     Glossary (e.g. epibenthic)

Adults benthopelagic to 650 m depth, juveniles common on reefs (Ref. 34024). At depths of about 40-75 m, adults are found deep on mud and broken shell bottom (Ref. 36413). Smaller silvery specimens taken far out at sea in the epipelagic (Ref. 34024). Caught occasionally (Ref. 34024). Oviparous, with late post-flexion and transformation stage larvae found in midwater (Ref. 36413). Oval, pelagic eggs float in a gelatinous mass (Ref. 205).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Reproduction | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvae

Oviparous, with no specialized copulatory organ (Ref. 36413).

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator | Collaborators

Nielsen, J.G., D.M. Cohen, D.F. Markle and C.R. Robins, 1999. Ophidiiform fishes of the world (Order Ophidiiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of pearlfishes, cusk-eels, brotulas and other ophidiiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(18):178p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 34024)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

  Data deficient (DD) ; Date assessed: 23 May 2007

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

  Harmless





Human uses

Fisheries: minor commercial
FAO - Publication: search | FishSource | Sea Around Us

More information

Trophic ecology
Food items
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Ecology
Ecology
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Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
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Genetics
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Summary page | Point data | Common names | Photos

Internet sources

AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | BOLDSystems | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: genus, species | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GenBank: genome, nucleotide | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | OsteoBase: skull, spine | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | Tree of Life | Wikipedia: Go, Search | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoobank | Zoological Record

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 16 - 25.2, mean 19.4 °C (based on 24 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5156   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00380 (0.00200 - 0.00722), b=3.12 (2.94 - 3.30), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245).
Trophic level (Ref. 69278):  4.1   ±0.77 se; based on food items.
Resilience (Ref. 120179):  Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Prior r = 0.38, 95% CL = 0.25 - 0.57, Based on 1 data-limited stock assessment.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Moderate to high vulnerability (45 of 100).
Price category (Ref. 80766):   Medium.
Nutrients (Ref. 124155):  Calcium = 56.5 [31.2, 137.3] mg/100g; Iron = 0.759 [0.396, 1.366] mg/100g; Protein = 16.2 [13.7, 18.7] %; Omega3 = 0.202 [0.105, 0.413] g/100g; Selenium = 151 [68, 350] μg/100g; VitaminA = 11.9 [3.5, 39.7] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.728 [0.481, 1.126] mg/100g (wet weight);